Friction stir welding of AZ31 magnesium alloy rolled sheets: Influence of processing parameters

Commin, L.; Dumont, M.; Masse, Jean-Eric; Barrallier, Laurent

doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2008.09.011

Cited by 413 publications

(187 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…At the measurement from the specimen welded in 400 rpm and 240 mm/min, the temperatures at #1 and #4 increased to over 205 and the maximum temperature at #7 was 175 . It is notable that even though Tang [6] did not observe any temperature variation between the advancing and retreating side, recent study by Commin [5,7] showed clear difference of temperature distribution between the advancing and retreating side, which supports the results of this study. presented here since the radiographic inspection detects relatively large amount of voids and therefore invalidated.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The grain size in the advancing side is larger than that in the retreating side due to the heat input difference generated by the plastic deformation. Temperature measurement confirms the maximum temperature on advancing side is higher than that on retreating side as reported in literature [5].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

“…It is confirmed that the grain size depends on the amount of the heat input which is a function of rotating rate and traveling speed. Difference of temperature distribution between the advancing and retreating side is reported to support the Commin's work [5,7]. The effect of welding speed is sensitive to the mechanical properties of the specimens welded at 800 rpm, which failed on advancing side of the joint.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

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Effects of Friction Stir Welding Speed on AA2195 alloy

Lee

Min

2016

MATEC Web of Conferences

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Abstract. The application of friction stir welding (FSW) to aerospace has grown rapidly due to the high efficiency and environmental friendly nature of the process. FSW is achieved by plastic flow of frictionally heated material in solid state and offers many advantages of avoiding hot cracking and limiting component distortion. Recently low density, high modulus and high strength AA2195 are used as substitute for conventional aluminum alloys since the weight saving is critical in aerospace applications. One of the problems for this alloy is weld metal porosity formation leading to hot cracking. Combination of FSW and AA2195 provides synergy effect to improve mechanical properties and weight saving of aerospace structure such as cryogenic fuel tanks for launch systems. The objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of friction stir welding speed on mechanical and microstructural properties of AA2195. The friction stir welded materials were joined with four different tool rotation speeds (350~800 rpm) and five welding speeds (120~360 mm/min), which are the two prime welding parameters in this process.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

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Effects of Friction Stir Welding Speed on AA2195 alloy

Lee

Min

2016

MATEC Web of Conferences

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“…Although formability of magnesium alloys at low temperature have limited because of their hexagonal close packed structure, they have good formability at high temperature. Magnesium alloys are also attractive due to their electromagnetic interference shielding properties and their recyclability (Commin et al, 2009). Most Mg-alloys can be joined by arc welding processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Friction Stir Welding of AZ31 Magnesium Alloys - A Numerical and Experimental Study

Serіndağ

Kıral

2017

Lat. Am. j. solids struct.

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In this paper, weldability of magnesium alloys by friction stir welding (FSW) method which is difficult to join by the fusion welding have been investigated experimentally and numerically. To this end, the connection of magnesium alloys was performed using different welding parameters. AZ31 Mg-alloy plates were friction stir welded at rotation speed of 1200 rev/min and translational speeds of 80,100,120,140 mm/min. Temperature evolution in the weld zone during welding was measured by using embedded K-type thermocouples. The temperature measurements on both advancing and retreading sides were performed by ten thermocouples. Tensile and Vickers hardness tests were conducted to evaluate the mechanical properties and the hardness distribution on the weld, respectively. During FSW, heat is generated by the friction and plastic deformation. Knowledge of the temperature distribution is requisite since mechanical properties and microstructure are substantially affected by the heat generation. It was observed that the heat generated during the FSW process was increasing and the grain structure was refined as the translational speed was decreasing. In the finite element analyses, modeling of the FSW process were carried out by ANSYS software to determine the temperature and stress distributions in the welded joint during FSW. An APDL (ANSYS Parametric Design Language) code was developed to simulate FSW process. Transient nonlinear finite element analyses were performed at two stages which the first step is thermal analysis which heat transfer from the pin and shoulder to the plates was modeled and the second is the structural analysis which the temperature data obtained from the thermal analysis in the first stage is used.

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“…1,2 One challenge arising from the utilization of this joining method is an increased susceptibility to localized corrosion in the material immediately adjacent to the welded joint. [3][4][5][6] Previous microcapillary polarization and scanning reference electrode technique (SRET) studies have revealed that the stir zones in AZ31B spot and seam welds are more cathodic than the bulk material.…”

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confidence: 99%

Corrosion Mechanisms in Dissimilar AZ31/AZ80 Friction Stir Welds

Savguira

North

Thorpe

2018

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Corrosion of dissimilar friction stir welds (FSW) made in AZ31/AZ80 magnesium alloys was investigated using the scanning reference electrode technique (SRET), and microcapillary polarization technique, complemented by optical and SEM/EDX microscopy. The corrosion rate of the base metals along with the welded specimen was estimated by mass loss testing. The stir zone material in both alloys showed a higher corrosion potential than the base metal due to the partial dissolution of β-Mg 17 Al 12 and Al-Mn particles. The basic corrosion mechanism in dissimilar welds was determined to be different from that of a similar joint. The corrosion behavior of the dissimilar FSW joint was governed by the galvanic coupling of the two alloys, and not by the microstructural evolution occurring during the welding process. The corrosion behavior of the joint was governed by the galvanic coupling between the α-Mg matrix in AZ31 and the Al-rich intermetallics in AZ80. The welded specimens exhibited the highest corrosion rate, while AZ80 was the most corrosion resistant material. Magnesium alloys can be successfully joined by friction stir welding (FSW) to achieve excellent mechanical integrity in completed welds. 1,2 One challenge arising from the utilization of this joining method is an increased susceptibility to localized corrosion in the material immediately adjacent to the welded joint. 3-6 Previous microcapillary polarization and scanning reference electrode technique (SRET) studies have revealed that the stir zones in AZ31B spot and seam welds are more cathodic than the bulk material. [3][4][5][6] Due to the difference in electrochemical potentials, a macrogalvanic cell is formed causing pitting corrosion in the thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) and the heat affected zone (HAZ) regions, which are located between the noble stir zone and the active base metal. 5 The differences in the electrochemical behavior of different regions in completed joints have been related to their microstructural evolution that occurred during the welding operation. The stir zone microstructure comprised a dynamically recrystallized matrix which was nominally devoid of intermetallics. The increase in the corrosion potential of the stir zone has been attributed to the dissolution of β-Mg 17 Al 12 and Al-Mn particles via two mechanisms: 4,5 1. Dissolution of intermetallics, which increases the concentration of Al in the α-Mg matrix, resulting in a higher corrosion potential of this region, 7 and 2. The absence of the intermetallics, which eliminates the microgalvanic coupling between the intermetallic particles (IMPs) and the α-Mg matrix, and reduces the susceptibility of the welded joint to localized pitting corrosion. [8][9][10][11] Many industrial applications require joining of dissimilar alloys, and therefore it is essential to understand the influence of the welding process on the corrosion behavior of dissimilar joints. It is currently unknown whether the corrosion behavior of dissimilar welds is governed by the microstructural changes o...

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Friction stir welding of AZ31 magnesium alloy rolled sheets: Influence of processing parameters

Cited by 413 publications

References 17 publications

Effects of Friction Stir Welding Speed on AA2195 alloy

Effects of Friction Stir Welding Speed on AA2195 alloy

Friction Stir Welding of AZ31 Magnesium Alloys - A Numerical and Experimental Study

Corrosion Mechanisms in Dissimilar AZ31/AZ80 Friction Stir Welds

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