Friction Spot Joining (FSpJ) process of Aluminium AA6061-T6/Poly Vinly Chloride (PVC)

Abstract

The goal of this research is to use a Friction Spot Joining (FSpJ) is a new technique which used for joining hybrid structures of metal-polymer composite. The FSpJ was proposed to join sheets of aluminum alloy of type AA6061-T6 and polymer of type polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The aluminum alloys sheets were of 3mm thickness, while the polymer sheets were of 5mm thickness. All sheets were manufactured with dimensions of 25*100 mm2. The aluminum sheets were drilled with two holes: the first of 8mm diameter with 1mm depth, the second hole was of the same pervious hole center with a penetrating hole diameter of d mm (2,4 and 6) the aluminum holes were made at a the center of the lap joint area. The process parameters included the rotating speed of the tool of 710, 900, 1120, 1400 and 1800 RPM, plunging depth of the tool of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 mm and pre-heating time of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 sec. The results indicated that all the specimens were joined successfully. The tested sample indicated that the failure of FSpJ joints occurred at two locations; the first at polymer side and the second was occurred by shearing the lap joint of specimens. The first type of failure indicated that the shear strength of the joined samples exceeded the shear strength of the polymer with a shear strength joint efficiency of more than 100%. The specimens that failed by shearing the polymer at the lap joint region were failed without dislocation the molten polymer from the aluminum hole cup. The shear force of the AL-PVC joints ranged from (704-1664N). The hole diameter exhibited the highest effect on the joint shear force followed by the plunging depth, rotating speed and pre-heating time of the rotating tool. The macrostructure examination and SEM tests indicate that a macro mechanical interlocking formed between the metal and filled hole which attributed to the main joining mechanism at the common surface.

Comparison of Alum and Poly Aluminum Chloride Coagulant Performance on Turbidity and pH of Lematang Enim PDAM Raw Water

“…After that, slow stirring was carried out at 20 rpm for 15 minutes. At this stage the flocs began to form and after 10 minutes the flocs formed completely (Sadkhan et al, 2021).…”