Friction and Mechanical Properties of Highly Filled Polybenzoxazine Composites: Nanosilica Particle Size and Surface Treatment

Abstract

Frictional and mechanical properties of highly filled polybenzoxazine [poly(BA‐a)] composites which are influenced by nanosilica contents, particle sizes, and surface treatments are investigated. The coefficient of friction and wear resistance, storage moduli, and microhardness of the nanosilica‐filled poly(BA‐a) composites systematically increase with an increase of nanosilica content, while those values of the nanocomposites are improved with decreasing particle sizes at the equivalent nanosilica content. The modulus can be predicted by the Kerner model with the maximum packing fraction, while the microhardness of the nanocomposites is in agreement with the Halpin–Tsai model. The nanocomposites fabricated with untreated nanosilica particles exhibit higher frictional and mechanical properties when compared with the surface‐treated nanocomposites at the equivalent particle sizes. The interfacial interactions via covalent bond formation between the nanosilica and the poly(BA‐a) are determinative factors for the nanocomposite properties. Highly filled nanosilica‐poly(BA‐a) composites can be employed in various applications where wear‐resistance plays an important role.

High‐performance main‐chain polybenzoxazine composites by incorporating multi‐walled carbon nanotubes with different surfacial structure: Mechanical properties, thermal stability and mechanisms

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Mechanical properties, thermal stability, and mechanism of main‐chain polybenzoxazine composites fabricated based on multi‐scale effects and surface functionalization of graphene oxide nanosheets

“…1 PMCs consisted of a highperformance polymer matrix with functional reinforcement, such as carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, and graphene oxide (GO), and have been widely used in various engineering applications. 2 Polybenzoxazine (PBZ) is a thermosetting polymer with excellent properties such as high thermal stability, 3 low flammability, 4 good mechanical strength 5 and chemical resistance. PBZ is synthesized by crosslinking of benzoxazine monomers, which are formed by the Mannich reaction of amine, phenol, and formaldehyde with active hydrogen.…”

“…Polybenzoxazine (PBZ) is a thermosetting polymer with excellent properties such as high thermal stability, 3 low flammability, 4 good mechanical strength 5 and chemical resistance. PBZ is synthesized by crosslinking of benzoxazine monomers, which are formed by the Mannich reaction of amine, phenol, and formaldehyde with active hydrogen 6 .…”

Tribological Performance and Thermal Stability of Nanorubber-Modified Polybenzoxazine Composites for Non-Asbestos Friction Materials

“…Moreover, there is a concern about environmental pollution by ammonia as a main component of the gas. Therefore, the use of a novel type of phenolic resin, namely benzoxazine resin, as a binder for friction materials was recently suggested to replace traditional phenolic resin [ 5 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. The benzoxazine resin can undergo ring-opening polymerization without catalysts or curing agents and does not release by-products upon curing.…”