Freshwater lichens and habitat zonation of mountain streams

Krzewicka, Beata; Smykla, Jerzy; Galas, Joanna; Śliwa, Lucyna

doi:10.1016/j.limno.2016.12.002

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Lichen species directly related to water constitute a relatively small group worldwide (Thüs & Schultz 2009). Due to high demands on the water clarity and sensitivity to pollution, many of the aquatic lichen species are considered to be endangered or rare in some regions of Europe (Cieśliński et al 2006, Nascimbene et al 2007, Liška et al 2008, Krzewicka et al 2017, Matura 2020. They constitute about 6.5% of the global number of lichen species but only few (approximately 1.5%) occur in freshwater (Thüs et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Certain species of lichens in this ecological group seem to be non-specific and widespread (see e.g. McCarthy 1991, Harada 1996, Krzewicka 2012, Orange 2014; on the other hand, species richness and composition often differs in adjacent natural-flowing watercourses and the factors affecting the local distribution of such lichens are poorly known (Pentecost 1977, Gilbert & Giavarini 1997, Krzewicka et al 2017.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lichen biota associated with mountain rivers and streams is characterized by zonal distribution of species, which is generally determined by the distance from the main current (Santesson 1939, Ried 1960, Gilbert 1996, Krzewicka & Galas 2006, Coste 2010, Krzewicka et al 2017. Depending on the seasonal dynamics of the water flow, splashing intensity and duration of flooding resulting in the submergence of thalli, various patterns of zonation have been distinguished.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dynamics of water flow in mountain streams in central Europe is usually high and the complete drying of the bedrock in the bed of a stream is very rare. A simple division based on thallus intimacy with water or exposition to air is often used (Nascimbene et al 2007, Krzewicka et al 2017. In this approach, the first zone usually comprises the permanently submerged bottom of a stream and the second the splashed or occasionally flooded and wet rocks and stones on the lower bank (Krzewicka et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, to the dynamics of stream currents, it is widely believed that the diversity of freshwater lichens may be largely dependent on various other habitat factors, including the type and stability of the substrate (Thüs 2002, Krzewicka & Galas 2006, light availability (Pentecost 1977, Nascimbene & Nimis 2006, degree of silting (Gilbert 1996, Gilbert & Giavarini 1997 and physical and chemical parameters of the water (Nascimbene & Nimis 2006, Nascimbene et al 2009, Krzewicka et al 2017. However, the actual effect of basic water and external habitat parameters still remains poorly studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Species composition of freshwater lichens in temperate mountain streams

Krzewicka¹,

Matura²,

Adamska³

et al. 2020

Preslia

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Lichens associated with aquatic and semi-aquatic habitats are a specific ecological group of symbiotic organisms. Distribution patterns, especially those of freshwater lichens and factors determining their occurrence, are poorly recognized. The species richness and composition of lichens were studied in the splash and submerged zones of Carpathian mountain streams. Habitat parameters, including pH, water conductivity, dissolved oxygen content, silting and light intensity at sampling sites, were used in the analysis. The streams differed greatly in terms of the species composition; only three lichens (Thelidium minutulum, Verrucaria hydrophila and V. praetermissa) of the entire pool of 29 recorded species were found in all streams. This fact does not directly relate to the habitat parameters measured either at the level of individual streams or considering all the streams studied. Instead, the differences in the species composition of lichens increased with the geographical distance between streams, even locally. This means that the occurrence of lichens in mountain streams is strongly site-dependent and the variability in the habitat is of less importance for species presence. Presumably lack of effective natural vectors and weak dispersal ability are strong limiting factors for freshwater lichens. Nevertheless, increased ion concentration in water can considerably promote the development of the thalli of some species of lichens, as in the case of Verrucaria praetermissa, while it can be a limiting factor for others, as in the case of V. hydrophila.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%