Freshwater Fungal Infections

Baumgardner, Dennis J

doi:10.17294/2330-0698.1262

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(88 reference statements)

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“…For water-exposed wounds presenting as NSTI, the best options for empiric therapy include fluoroquinolones, doxycycline, metronidazole, and clarithromycin in appropriate doses (see Table 1). No guidelines currently include an anti-fungal cover, despite the evidence that wounds exposed to water are colonized with fungi (with or without soil contamination) [12][13][14][15]30,31], which is a shortcoming of the current guidelines. The knowledge of antibiotic pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic principles may allow for a more rational determination of optimal dosing regimens in terms of the dose and dosing interval [32,33].…”

Section: Prophylactic and Empiric Antimicrobial Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Management of Severe Water-Related Skin and Soft Tissue Sepsis: A Summative Review of the Literature

Naidoo,

Zwane,

Paruk

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) are common presentations to the emergency department. However, this is less common after contact with contaminated water, both salt or fresh. This review presents the diagnosis and the management of water-related soft tissue sepsis in this vulnerable and difficult to treat subgroup of necrotizing soft tissue sepsis. Methods: A summative literature overview regarding bacterial and fungal SSTI after contact with contaminated water, with practical diagnostic and management aspects addressed. Results: The literature indicates that these remain difficult to treat wounds and organisms. An approach using appropriate diagnostic tools with both medical and surgical management strategies is provided. Conclusion: SSTI due to water contamination of wounds involve unusual organisms with unusual resistance patterns and require a nuanced and directed diagnostic approach with adaptation of the normal antibiotic or antifungal selection to achieve cure, along with aggressive debridement and wound care.

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Section: Prophylactic and Empiric Antimicrobial Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Management of Severe Water-Related Skin and Soft Tissue Sepsis: A Summative Review of the Literature

Naidoo,

Zwane,

Paruk

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Water could be the preferred habitat of certain fungal species. A quantitative evaluation of the taxa isolated from water was shown to depend on its origin: surface water presents a higher risk of colonization compared to deeper samples, such as groundwater [15].…”

Section: Water As a Reservoir For Aspergillusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Aspergillus in Home and Healthcare Facilities’ Water Environments: Focus on Biofilms

Rautemaa‐Richardson

2019

Microorganisms

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Aspergillus conida are ubiquitous in the environment, including freshwater, water for bathing, and in drinking water. Vulnerable patients and those suffering from allergic diseases are susceptible to aspergillosis. Avoidance of Aspergillus is of paramount importance. Potential outbreaks of aspergillosis in hospital facilities have been described where the water supply has been implicated. Little is known regarding the risk of exposure to Aspergillus in water. How does Aspergillus survive in water? This review explores the biofilm state of Aspergillus growth based on recent literature and suggests that biofilms are responsible for the persistence of Aspergillus in domestic and healthcare facilities’ water supplies.

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“…Such contamination can alter the properties of the soil, which threatens the fauna and flora in the vicinity, in addition to causing the death of microorganisms. Moreover, the presence of toxic dyes above the drinking water limit can cause several chronic and severe diseases, including skin problems, eye irritation, lung disease, kidney and liver damage, dyspnea, cancer, and ulcers. , Additionally, the presence of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi in natural water resources can cause many water-borne diseases, such as cholera, typhoid, giardia, dysentery, Candida albicans, microsporidiosis, and Candida parasitosis. − Therefore, it is mandatory to improve water quality to treat these hazardous contaminants by using efficient and cost-effective methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 11 , 12 Additionally, the presence of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi in natural water resources can cause many water-borne diseases, such as cholera, typhoid, giardia, dysentery, Candida albicans , microsporidiosis, and Candida parasitosis . 13 − 15 Therefore, it is mandatory to improve water quality to treat these hazardous contaminants by using efficient and cost-effective methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Acacia ehrenbergiana Plant Cortex Extract for Efficient Removal of Rhodamine B Cationic Dye from Wastewater and the Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity

et al. 2023

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Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) exhibit vast potential in numerous applications, such as wastewater treatment and catalysis. In this study, we report the green synthesis of Ag-NPs using Acacia ehrenbergiana plant cortex extract to reduce cationic Rhodamine B (RhB) dye and for antibacterial and antifungal applications. The green synthesis of Ag-NPs involves three main phases: activation, growth, and termination. The shape and morphologies of the prepared Ag-NPs were studied through different analytical techniques. The results confirmed the successful preparation of Ag-NPs with a particle size distribution ranging from 1 to 40 nm. The Ag-NPs were used as a heterogeneous catalyst to reduce RhB dye from aqueous solutions in the presence of sodium borohydride (NaBH4). The results showed that 96% of catalytic reduction can be accomplished within 32 min using 20 μL of 0.05% Ag-NPs aqueous suspension in 100 μL of 1 mM RhB solution, 2 mL of deionized water, and 1 mL of 10 mM NaBH4 solution. The results followed a zero-order chemical kinetic (R 2 = 0.98) with reaction rate constant k as 0.059 mol L–1 s–1. Furthermore, the Ag-NPs were used as antibacterial and antifungal agents against 16 Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as 1 fungus. The green synthesis of Ag-NPs is environmentally friendly and inexpensive, as well as yields highly stabilized nanoparticles by phytochemicals. The substantial results of catalytic reductions and antimicrobial activity reflect the novelty of the prepared Ag-NPs. These nanoparticles entrench the dye and effectively remove the microorganisms from polluted water.

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Freshwater Fungal Infections

Abstract: Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews ( JPCRR) is a peerreviewed scientific journal whose mission is to communicate clinical and bench research findings, with the goal of improving the quality of human health, the care of the individual patient, and the care of populations.

Cited by 9 publications

References 50 publications

Diagnosis and Management of Severe Water-Related Skin and Soft Tissue Sepsis: A Summative Review of the Literature

Diagnosis and Management of Severe Water-Related Skin and Soft Tissue Sepsis: A Summative Review of the Literature

Exposure to Aspergillus in Home and Healthcare Facilities’ Water Environments: Focus on Biofilms

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Acacia ehrenbergiana Plant Cortex Extract for Efficient Removal of Rhodamine B Cationic Dye from Wastewater and the Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity

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