Freshwater fish biodiversity in the River Ganga (India): changing pattern, threats and conservation perspectives

Sarkar, Uttam Kumar; Pathak, Ajey Kumar; Sinha, Ravindra Kumar; Sivakumar, K.; Pandian, A Kathirvel; Pandey, Ajay Kumar; Dubey, Vineet Kumar; Lakra, W. S.

doi:10.1007/s11160-011-9218-6

Cited by 121 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…However, nowadays the riverine systems of southern Bangladesh have suffered from intense tourism and human intervention resulting in habitat loss and degradation, and as a consequence, wild fish populations have seriously declined in rivers and streams of this vast area (Sarkar et al, 2012;Siddik et al, 2013). The main causes behind the loss of fish diversity are over-exploitation augmented by various ecological changes and degradation of natural habitats, water abstraction, rampant installation of industries, introduction of exotic species, pollution and global climate change which led to the endangerment of (Rao et al, 2014;Sharker et al, 2015b;Siddik et al, 2014).…”

Section: S ! Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish Diversity in the Southern Coastal Waters of Bangladesh: Present Status, Threats and Conservation Perspectives

Hanif

Siddik

Chaklader

et al. 2015

CJF

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Despite the enormous anthropogenic and environmental hazards affecting wild fisheries resources, southern coastal waters are still considered one of the aquatic biodiversity hotspots in Bangladesh. Therefore, the present study was conducted to make a complete account of fishes and to assess their condition and conservation status in the rivers spread across four southern coastal districts of Bangladesh. During the study period from January to December 2014, a total of 98 species of fish were recorded belonging to 81 genera, 48 families and 13 orders. Perciforms were recorded as the most diverse fish group in terms of both number and individuals of species observed. Of the 98 species, 26.53% were listed as Locally Threatened in Bangladesh, including 11.22% species listed as Vulnerable, 10.20% as Endangered and 5.10% as Critically Endangered. Four population indices viz, Shannon-Wiener index (H), Simpson's dominance index (D), Simpson's index of diversity (1-D) and Margalef's index (d) were applied to demonstrate the species diversity, richness and evenness of fish in sampling areas and their overall values were 3. 54-3.70, 0.04-0.05, 0.95-0.96 and 7.48-8.67, respectively. To sustain the prospect of fisheries biodiversity in the southern coastal areas of Bangladesh, management and conservation strategies like restocking economically important fish species, establishing and maintaining fish sanctuaries, banning indiscriminate fishing and destructive fishing gears, identification and protection of the breeding and nursery grounds should be taken into consideration with utmost priority.

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Section: S ! Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish Diversity in the Southern Coastal Waters of Bangladesh: Present Status, Threats and Conservation Perspectives

Hanif

Siddik

Chaklader

et al. 2015

CJF

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“…The data on fish was collected according to the methodology described by Sarkar et al (2012) by sampling into the main channel and selected tributaries of Alaknanda/Pindar and Ganga1 sub basins. Figure 1 presents the collection map of sampling locations and Table 1 presents the list of sampling locations in the different rivers covered in each district.…”

Section: Data Sources and Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twenty nine freshwater fish species recorded from the river Ganges have been listed as threatened under vulnerable and endangered categories . The fish fauna of the Ganges river and its tributaries have been studied by several researchers and information generated was mostly based on the taxonomy, biogeographical distribution and ecological aspects (e.g., Hamilton 1822;Hora 1929;Day 1888;Krishnamurti et al 1991;Bilgrami and Datta-Munshi 1985;Srivastava 1980;Revenga and Mock 2000;Sinha 2006;Payne et al 2004;Sarkar et al 2010Sarkar et al , 2012. Such information is insufficient to address the critical issues pertaining to conservation and management of fish diversity in the Ganges due to the mounting tendency of different threats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial gradients in freshwater fish diversity, abundance and current pattern in the Himalayan region of Upper Ganges Basin, India

2014

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Pathak AK, Sarkar UK, Singh SP. 2014. Spatial gradients in freshwater fish diversity, abundance and current pattern in the Himalayan region of Upper Ganges Basin,.The present study describes the analysis and mapping of the different measurements of freshwater fish biodiversity of the Upper Ganges basin in the Himalayan region using spatial interpolation methods of Geographical Information System. The diversity, richness and abundance of fishes for each sampling location were determined and Kriging interpolation was applied on each fisheries measurement to predict and produce semivariogram. The semivariogarms produced were cross validated and reclassified. The reclassified maps for richness, abundance and diversity of fishes, occurrence of cold water threatened fish and abundance of important genera like Tor, Schizothorax and species were produced. The result of the Kriging produced good results and overall error in the estimation process was found significant. The cross validation of semovariograms also provided a better result with the observed data sets. Moreover, weighted overlay analysis of the reclassified raster maps of richness and abundance of fishes produced the classified raster map at different evaluation scale (0-10) qualitatively describing the gradient of species richness and abundance compositely. Similarly, the classified raster map at same evaluation scale qualitatively describing the gradient of species abundance and diversity compositely was produced and published. Further, basin wise analysis between Alaknanda/Pindar and Ganga1 sub basins showed 0.745 disparities at 0.745 distances in 2 dimensional spaces. The richness, diversity and abundance of threatened fishes among the different sampling locations were not significant (p = 0.9).

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“…P. pangia Hamilton, described in 1822 in River Ganges has never been reported subsequently (Table 1), though many of the fish diversity studies carried out by several authors in River Ganges and its tributaries (Srivastava, 1980;Ravenga & Mock, 2000;Sinha, 2007;Sarkar & Bain, 2007;Sarkar, Gupta & Lakra, 2010;Lakra, Sarkar, Kumar, Pandey, Dubey & Gusain, 2011;Sarkar et al, 2011). Moreover, various other investigators; Banarescu and Nalbant (1968), Talwar and Jhingran (1991), Menon (1999), Kottelat (1996) and Jayaram (1999) also documented P. pangia, while these information did not provide distributional data, or specimens voucher locations except a recent study by Vishwanath et al (2007) who reported this species from the drainages of Myanmar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redescription, new distribution record, DNA sequence and length-weight relationship of the Eel-loach Pangio pangia (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae) in the River Ganges Basin, India

Sarkar

Dabas

Khan

et al. 2013

URJ

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The Eel-loach Pangio pangia has never been reported from East India in the River Ganges. In August, 2011, we collected a total of 39 individuals of this species during fish diversity explorations in River Ganges at Narora. This is the first record for Uttar Pradesh (North India). We present additional diagnostic features and description for this species previously known only from very old descriptions generally based on preserved specimens. Additionally, a molecular signature of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region between 5,8S and 28S ribosomal RNA genes was sequenced and submitted to NCBI (Accession No. JQ619873). The length-weight relationship showed allometric growth as b value of overall length-weight relation was 2,71 at p<0,00 which, ranged from 2,65 to 2,76. The substantial threats and issues regarding unawareness of this understudied fish species are highlighted to help sustaining fish biodiversity in India. KEY WORDSNew distribution, Pangio pangia, length weight relationship, River Ganges, India. RESUMENLa ánguila Pangio pangia del río Ganges de las Indias Orientales, nunca había sido reportado para el sitio, resultando en una dificultad para determinar no solamente su localidad, sino también la razón de su extinción en la cuenca del Ganges de la India. En agosto de 2011, registramos un total de 39 individuos de esta especie durante exploraciones de diversidad de peces en el río Ganges en Narora; por primera vez en Uttar Pradesh (norte de India). Las características diagnósticas y la descripción de esta especie han sido actualizadas ya que la información disponible era muy vieja y en general basada en muestras de especímenes preservados. Adicionalmente, como una firma molecular de esta especie se ingresó a NCBI GenBank (N º de Acceso JQ619873) la región interna transcrita espaciadora 2 (ITS2) entre 5,8S y 28S ARN ribosomal. La relación talla-peso mostró un crecimiento alométrico como valor de b, en general la relación talla-peso fue 2,71 (p <0,00), que van desde 2,65 a 2,76. Las amenazas sustanciales y cuestiones relativas a la inconsciencia de esta especie poco estudiada fueron destacados para la sostenibilidad de la biodiversidad de peces en la India.

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Freshwater fish biodiversity in the River Ganga (India): changing pattern, threats and conservation perspectives

Cited by 121 publications

References 35 publications

Fish Diversity in the Southern Coastal Waters of Bangladesh: Present Status, Threats and Conservation Perspectives

Fish Diversity in the Southern Coastal Waters of Bangladesh: Present Status, Threats and Conservation Perspectives

Spatial gradients in freshwater fish diversity, abundance and current pattern in the Himalayan region of Upper Ganges Basin, India

Redescription, new distribution record, DNA sequence and length-weight relationship of the Eel-loach Pangio pangia (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae) in the River Ganges Basin, India

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