Fresh cadaver dissection for training in plastic surgery

Turner, Aaron; Mellington, Andrew J.; Ali, Farida

doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2005.01.012

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Dissection has been described by some anatomists as "a mainstay of properly rigorous basic science training" (McLachlan et al, 2004). It is widely believed that the process of dissection adds a three dimensional view to the students' knowledge, and reinforces concepts introduced in lectures and tutorials (Turner et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human preservation techniques in anatomy: A 21st century medical education perspective

et al. 2015

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Anatomy is the cornerstone of education for healthcare professionals with the use of human material providing an excellent teaching tool in the modern curricula. The ability and quality of preservation of human remains has enabled such use. The introduction of formaldehyde as a preservative in 1893 was an important step in the history of preservation. With the European Union directive on the use of formaldehyde and its expected banning, anatomists are trying to find a more convenient and safe substitute. In this review, we compare the different techniques used based on the need for embalming, fixative used, period of preservation and the features of the embalmed specimen. The fact that embalming is used in different disciplines, multiple purposes and described in different languages has led to the development of ambiguous interchangeable terminology. Overall, there is a lack of information specifically classifying, listing and comparing different embalming techniques, and this may be due to the fact that no internationally recognized experimental standards are adhered to in this field. Anatomists strive to find an embalming technique that allows the preserved specimen to accurately resemble the living tissue, preserve the body for a long period of time and reduces health risk concerns related to working with cadavers. There is a need for embalming to shift to an independent modern day science with well-founded research at the heart of it. While this may take time and agreement across nations, we feel that this review adds to the literature to provide a variety of different methods that can be employed for human tissue preservation depending on the desired outcome.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human preservation techniques in anatomy: A 21st century medical education perspective

et al. 2015

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“…11 Other studies have similarly demonstrated the effectiveness of cadaveric courses in improving confidence in plastic surgery in general as well as other surgical disciplines such as vascular surgery. 9,12 In our study, nearly all participants agreed that the course improved their overall comfort with microsurgical skills and understanding. This is unique in that course participants did not practice actual microsurgical anastomotic techniques, rather the participants practiced dissection and flap elevation while learning "tips and tricks" from the instructors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Prior studies have demonstrated that cadaver sessions are beneficial across surgical disciplines including plastic surgery in general and increase participant self-reported confidence and preparedness for cases. [8][9][10] Similarly, in addition analyzing the backgrounds of the participants and instructors to further characterize trends in microsurgical practice, this study aimed to assess the utility of a flap dissection course in improving perceived confidence and understanding of complex flap and microsurgical reconstructive procedures.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Role of Cadaver-Based Flap Course in Microsurgical Education and Practice Patterns of Attendees: A Survey Study

Azoury

Othman

Colen

et al. 2020

J Reconstr Microsurg

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Background In 2017, our institution initiated a cadaver laboratory-based course dedicated to teaching reconstructive microsurgery indications, preoperative planning, and flap dissection. The goals of this study are to describe the demographics and experience of participants/instructors and to evaluate the learning objectives and effectiveness of the course. Methods Penn Flap Course (PFC) participants were sent an anonymous survey at the inaugural PFC 2017. Then, in 2019, both instructors and participants were sent a more comprehensive survey. Surveys included questions regarding demographics, training background, experiences in practice and/or training, and course evaluation. Results At PFC 2017, participant response rate was 25% (12/44), and the primary reason for attending the course was to observe and learn from instructor dissections (66.7%). At PFC 2019, the response rate was 77.3% (17/22) for faculty and 73.0% (35/48) for participants. Both in 2017 and 2019, the vast majority of participants reported perceived improvement in understanding of flap dissection principles across all anatomic domains (94.3%–100%). In 2019, when asked about their background experience, the majority of participants reported comfort performing arterial and venous anastomosis without supervision (71%–77%) and being least comfortable with head and neck (H&N) microsurgery (mean comfort level: 5.2/10). Half of the participants (e.g., residents) find the presence of a microsurgery fellow at their institution useful to their educational experience. Instructors with additional fellowship training in microsurgery reported performing a higher volume of free flaps per week (7 vs. 2.3) and per year (94.2 vs. 27.8; p < 0.05 for both) and trend toward performing more H&N reconstruction (p = 0.057). Conclusion Participants feel least comfortable with H&N microsurgical reconstruction. Surgical faculty with microsurgical fellowship training performs greater volume of microsurgical cases with a trend toward more H&N reconstruction. A cadaver/lecture-based flap course is an effective way to improve participants' perceived confidence and understanding of complex flap and microsurgical reconstructive procedures.

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“…In these studies, researchers used formalin fixation techniques, which produced tissues with rigidities too high to provide a realistic simulation of flap training. 2 Therefore, preservation methods such as fresh cadaver 3 , 4 and Thiel method 2 have been favored. Fresh cadaveric tissue is a superior model of simulation because of its approximation of live tissue, 4 but it has many disadvantages such as high cost, limited use, and risk of infection.…”

Section: Sirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experience of Raising Flaps Using Cadavers Embalmed by Saturated Salt Solution Method

Shirai

Hayashi

Itoh

2015

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open

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Fresh cadaver dissection for training in plastic surgery

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Human preservation techniques in anatomy: A 21st century medical education perspective

Human preservation techniques in anatomy: A 21st century medical education perspective

The Role of Cadaver-Based Flap Course in Microsurgical Education and Practice Patterns of Attendees: A Survey Study

Experience of Raising Flaps Using Cadavers Embalmed by Saturated Salt Solution Method

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