Frequent whole blood donors: understanding this population and predictors of lapse

Gemelli, Carley N.; Hayman, Jane; Waller, Daniel

doi:10.1111/trf.13874

Cited by 40 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…These characteristics of frequent donors are similar to recent reports from the Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) study of donation patterns in the U.S. 26,27 , and an assessment of frequent blood donors in Australia. 24 Of note, the current study included a cohort of 1976 non-Hispanic white donors categorized as high-intensity donors (Figure 1), who comprised the majority of frequent donors with a history of 9 or more donations in the prior 24-months. The sex dichotomy in donation frequency is likely related to differences in susceptibility to donation-induced iron deficiency and subsequent low hemoglobin deferral 28 , which is most common in women who have depleted iron stores from menstruation and pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequent blood donations alter susceptibility of red blood cells to storage‐ and stress‐induced hemolysis

et al. 2018

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Background Frequent whole blood donations increase the prevalence of iron depletion in blood donors, which may subsequently interfere with normal erythropoiesis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the associations between donation frequency and red blood cell (RBC) storage stability in a racial-ethnically diverse population of blood donors. Study design Leukocyte-reduced RBC concentrate-derived samples from 13,403 donors were stored for 39 to 42 days (1–6°C) and then evaluated for storage, osmotic, and oxidative hemolysis. Iron status was evaluated by plasma ferritin measurement and self-reported intake of iron supplements. Donation history in the prior 2 years was obtained for each subject. Results Frequent blood donors enrolled in this study were likely to be white, male, and of older age (56.1±5.0 years). Prior donation intensity was negatively associated with oxidative hemolysis (p<0.0001) in multivariate analyses correcting for age, sex and race-ethnicity. Increased plasma ferritin concentration was associated with increased RBC susceptibility to each of the three measures of hemolysis (p<0.0001 for all), whereas self-reported iron intake was associated with reduced susceptibility to osmotic and oxidative hemolysis (p<0.0001 for both). Conclusions Frequent blood donations may alter the quality of blood components by modulating RBC predisposition to hemolysis. RBCs collected from frequent donors with low ferritin have altered susceptibility to hemolysis. Thus, frequent donation and associated iron loss may alter the quality of stored RBC components collected from iron deficient donors. Further investigation is necessary to assess post-transfusion safety and efficacy in patients receiving these RBC products.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequent blood donations alter susceptibility of red blood cells to storage‐ and stress‐induced hemolysis

et al. 2018

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“…As it is well known that adverse reactions such as syncopaltype reactions negatively impact on donor motivation and return probability [13,14], it would be of great interest whether this correlation is also valid for FTD. An age-correlated risk of adverse reactions in FTD could possibly explain why we observe decreasing return rates and a decreasing mean age of FTD in parallel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the recruitment of young FTD will be limited in the coming years due to the declining birth rates, it will become increasingly relevant to improve donor retention especially of young FTD since it is known to be lower than in RD [13]. Therefore we compared the return behaviour of FTD in 2010 versus 2015.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We further analysed medical reasons for deferral both in FTD and in RD, as deferral from WB donation not only results in temporary but permanent donor loss [13,14]. Insufficient information about deferral reasons, deferral periods or the option to return may negatively impact on donor loyalty.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, retention strategies will also be increasingly relevant for RD. Therefore we investigated medical reasons for deferral, since deferral from whole blood (WB) donation may not only result in a temporary but also a permanent donor loss putting the donor loyalty to the test [13,14]. Ongoing monitoring of deferral reasons will also be essential in the future in order to permanently match information and promotion strategies concerning blood donors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in the Whole Blood Donor Population in South-West Germany: 2010 versus 2016

Müller‐Steinhardt

Weidmann

Klüter

2017

Transfus Med Hemother

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Background: In the recent past, the discrepancy between blood supply and future demand may have been overestimated. As medical progress develops rapidly, it will be essential to monitor ongoing demographic changes in the donor population regularly and to re-evaluate retention and recruiting strategies. The aim of the current study was to compare first-time donor (FTD) characteristics and their return rates. We therefore compared whole blood (WB) donations in total and the annual donation frequencies in 2010 and in 2015/2016. Furthermore, we evaluated whether over the same observation period, medical reasons for deferral underwent a change (2010 vs. 2015). Methods: The return probability of FTD within 12 months was analysed in 2010 and 2015 with respect to successful donation versus deferral and with regard to age. The total number of WB donations was investigated, and age distribution was compared between 2010, 2013 and 2016. WB donation frequencies were calculated with respect to age and gender in 2010 and 2016. In a second analysis, medical reasons for deferral were differentiated into 14 categories and a possible impact of time (2010 vs. 2015) on the respective percentage was studied. Results: We observed a significant decline of the FTD return rate from 42.5% to 38.8% in donors that successfully donated WB while the rate remained unchanged in deferred FTD. At the same time the mean FTD age decreased from 29.1 ± 11.6 to 28.5 ± 11.7 years in 2016. Analysis of total WB donations revealed an increase of all donations from donors ≥60 years, a constant percentage from donors <30 years but a declining proportion of donors aged 30-59 years from 2010 to 2013 to 2016. In parallel, annual mean WB donation frequencies decreased over time. Deferrals due to travel history increased significantly from 2010 to 2015 both in FTD and repeat donors. Conclusion: There is ongoing demographic change in our WB donor population. Our data prove a need for a re-evaluation of retention and recruitment strategies since previous marketing campaigns seem to have neglected the age group 30-59 years. This must be addressed in further studies as this age group will be highly relevant for assuring future blood supplies since donor recruitment from adolescents will be limited due to declining birth rates. Furthermore, deferral due to travel history is increasing significantly. Thus we will require further studies on the possible impact on donor retention.

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A Markov jump process approach to modeling blood donor status: Donor retention and attrition rates at a blood service center in Zimbabwe

Chikobvu

Chideme

2022

Health Science Reports

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Background: Blood service agencies depend upon the availability of regular blood donors for sustainability. The knowledge and understanding of the stochastic behavior of donors is the first step toward sustaining the blood supply. Analyzing the changes in the donor status within the donor pool will help the blood service authorities to manage the blood donation process.Objectives: The study presents a multistate Markov jump model in analyzing the changes in blood donor status during their blood donation career. Relevant covariates are used to aid in explaining the transitions. Materials and Methods:The status of a blood donor i that can be in one of four states S = {1; 2; 3; 4}. A new donor (s = 1), repeat/regular donor (s = 2), occasional donor (s = 3), and lapsed donor (s = 4). A Continuous-time Markov model was used to estimate blood donor progression during their blood donation career. Frequencies of blood donations made in a given time interval determines the state occupied.Results: In the early years of blood donation career, first-time donors have a higher likelihood of becoming regular donors. Donor attrition increases with time whilst donor retention decreases with time. The results show that when the jump process is currently in an occasional state, the probability that it moves into lapsed state when it leaves the occasional state is given as 69.06%. Similarly, donors are forecasted to spend 21.193 months (1.8 years) in the occasional state before lapsing.Repeat donors can spend 39.342 months (3.3 years) in the regular state before the transition to other states. The study established that donor-specific demographic factors such as age and gender are critical in donor status transitions.Conclusions: With the passage of time, donor status evolves, with trend inclined towards reduction in the frequency of blood donations as more donors become inactive or lapsed. The transition of donors in various states can be described by a time homogeneous Markov model.

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Frequent whole blood donors: understanding this population and predictors of lapse

Abstract: This study highlights specific factors that blood collection agencies may focus on to support continued donation among frequent donors.

Cited by 40 publications

References 17 publications

Frequent blood donations alter susceptibility of red blood cells to storage‐ and stress‐induced hemolysis

Frequent blood donations alter susceptibility of red blood cells to storage‐ and stress‐induced hemolysis

Changes in the Whole Blood Donor Population in South-West Germany: 2010 versus 2016

A Markov jump process approach to modeling blood donor status: Donor retention and attrition rates at a blood service center in Zimbabwe

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