Frequent Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

Occult hepatitis B virus infection and lamivudine‐resistant mutations in isolates from renal patients undergoing hemodialysis

“…Several factors may account for the failure to detect HBsAg in individuals positive for HBV-DNA, including a low level of HBV-DNA load or the presence of mutations in the pre-S/S genome region of HBV that affect HBsAg detection. 14,15,35 In agreement with previous reports, 29,30,33,36 we found that most HBV- DNA-positive isolates (13/15) displayed low HBV loads (Յ 10 4 copies/mL). None of the patients in the present study had been treated for HBV chronic infection, yet four of the six sequenced HBV isolates displayed lamivudine-resistance mutations.…”

Predictors and kinetics of occult hepatitis B virus infection in HIV‐infected persons

“…The prevalence of HCV infection was 10% and thus lower than that reported in other HIV-infected populations [Hofer et al, 1998;Nunez et al, 2002;Piroth et al, 2002;Wagner et al, 2004], but in line with seroprevalence data from HIV-infected patients in the UK [Mohsen et al, 2005]. Previous studies on the association between HCV infection and occult HBV persistence in HIV-infected persons have given conflicting results [Hofer et al, 1998;Nunez et al, 2002;Piroth et al, 2002;Santos et al, 2003;Wagner et al, 2004;Neau et al, 2005]. Overall, available evidence indicates that occult HBV infection can occur in HIV-infected persons independently of HCV serostatus.…”

Occult hepatitis B virus infection in HIV‐infected patients: Evaluation of biochemical, virological and molecular parameters

“…This prevalence was similar to those (16% and 19%) previously observed among anti-HBc-positive, HIV-infected patients from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 16,28 Recently, the prevalence of 14% of occult HBV infection was also reported in HIV-infected patients with anti-HBc positivity, from two British cohorts. 17 The HBV samples genotyped in the present study belonged to genotype A, which is the genotype most frequently found in Brazil 39,40 and has been prevalent among HIV-infected patients.…”

“…[11][12][13] Among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)infected patients, occult HBV infection prevalence is widely divergent, ranging from 0% to 89%. [14][15][16][17] Data on the clinical impact of occult HBV infection in HIVinfected patients are still controversial. An association between occult HBV infection and flares of hepatic transaminases has been reported, 14,18 which was not confirmed in other studies.…”