Frequent detection of anticoagulant rodenticides in raptors sampled in Taiwan reflects government rodent control policy

Hong, Shiao-Yu; Morrissey, Christy A.; Lin, Hui-Shan; Lin, Kuei-Shien; Lin, Wen-Loung; Yao, Cheng‐Te; Lin, Teng-Chiu; Chan, Fang-Tse; Sun, Yuan-Hsun

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.076

Cited by 30 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The difference was not statistically significant (Mann-Whitney U test). Although the secondary effects of anticoagulant exposure of non-target wildlife in human-dominated environments has been widely studied (Hong et al, 2019;Lopez-Perea et al, 2019;Quinn et al, 2012;Serieys et al, 2018), the distorting effect of population density on the results observed in this study could be ruled out.…”

Section: Gis Analysismentioning

confidence: 81%

“…The annual use of anticoagulant rodenticides (AR) for rodents' control is estimated in thousands of tons (Hong et al, 2019). Most rodenticides belong to the group of anticoagulants, of which eight are EU-approved active ingredients (brodifacoum, bromadiolone, chlorophacinone, coumatetralyl, difenacoum, difethialone, flocoumafen and warfarin) (EC, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The baiting points are often placed quite arbitrarily, and distributed based on subjective criteria, such as random detection of rodent activity (Endepols et al, 2003). In fact, this self-application of rodenticides by farmers is even facilitated by government agencies, given freely or subsidized, as part of the strategies to stimulate and support the livestock sector (Hong et al, 2019). Generally, a professional rodenticide service is only available in larger facilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intensive livestock farming as a major determinant of the exposure to anticoagulant rodenticides in raptors of the Canary Islands (Spain)

Rial-Berriel

Acosta-Dacal

Cabrera‐Pérez

et al. 2021

Science of The Total Environment

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Exposure to AR in reptiles, mammals and non-raptor birds is mainly related to intentional poisoning.• AR exposure appears as a threat for the conservation of the critically endangered Canary raven. • Incidence of AR in raptors almost reach 60%, with the highest values detected in common kestrels • First report of AR residues in Barbary Falcon and Eleonora's Falcon • Raptors that live near livestock intensive farms are significantly more exposed to AR.

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Section: Gis Analysismentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intensive livestock farming as a major determinant of the exposure to anticoagulant rodenticides in raptors of the Canary Islands (Spain)

Rial-Berriel

Acosta-Dacal

Cabrera‐Pérez

et al. 2021

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Data on the occurrence and environmental fate of superwarfarin pesticides have experienced growth (Coeurdassier et al 2019; Hong et al 2019), whereas information on toxicity practically does not exist. Consequently, these data and the corresponding risk assessments should be evaluated employing integrated ecotoxicology and epidemiology approaches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Silico Analysis to Identify Molecular Targets for Chemicals of Concern: The Case Study of Flocoumafen, an Anticoagulant Pesticide

Coronado-Posada

Mercado-Camargo

Olívero-Verbel

2021

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Rodenticides are pesticides used worldwide, with little information available regarding health consequences in wildlife and humans. The aim of the present study was to use virtual screening to identify potential targets for flocoumafen, a superwarfarin rodenticide. Blind docking of more than 841 human proteins was carried out employing AutoDock Vina. The strength of the ligand interaction with the proteins was quantified based on the binding affinity score (kcal/mol). Results indicate that flocoumafen could be a promiscuous ligand for diversity of cellular protein targets. The best complexes were obtained for prostaglandin F synthase (−14.2 kcal/mol) and serum albumin (−14.0 kcal/mol) followed by glucocorticoid receptor 2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, nuclear receptor ROR-alpha, and activin receptor type-1, all with values equal or better than −13.5 kcal/mol. Docking method validation based on the root-mean-square deviation showed that flocoumafen had good capability to predict corresponding co-crystallized poses; and molecular dynamics simulations suggested the complex with greater binding affinity was thermodynamically stable. Protein-protein interaction networks built with main protein targets revealed that protein kinase B (AKT1), ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 (RPS6KB1), phosphatidylinositol-4,5bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRA), and protein phosphatase 2 catalytic subunit alpha (PPP2CA) were major hub proteins, whereas the gene ontology analysis reported that cellular response to endogenous stimulus, protein binding, and the TOR complex were the biological processes, molecular function, and cell component enrichments, respectively. These results should motivate more ecotoxicity testing for flocoumafen and other superwarfarins, as well as precautionary legislation to minimize exposure to these highly toxic chemicals.

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“…Its use is also authorized in other countries around the world [3,27,28]. Accordingly, bromadiolone is also the most frequently detected AR in raptors worldwide [4,18,19,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. This may be due to the fact that SGARs in general, and bromadiolone in particular, are more persistent than FGARs, having a longer half-life in the liver of prey, and thus, increased risk of secondary poisoning in predators [38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Persistence of Bromadiolone in Decomposing Bodies of Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus)

Valverde

Espín

Gómez‐Ramírez

et al. 2020

Toxics

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Bromadiolone is a second generation anticoagulant rodenticide (SGAR) used to control pest rodents worldwide. SGARs are frequently involved in secondary poisoning in rodent predators due to their persistence and toxicity. This study aims to evaluate the persistence of bromadiolone in liver at different stages of carcass decomposition in experimentally-dosed common kestrels (Falco tinnunculus) to understand the possibility of detecting bromadiolone in cases of wildlife poisoning and the potential risk of tertiary poisoning. Twelve individuals were divided into the bromadiolone-dose group (dosed with 55 mg/kg b.w) and the control group. Hepatic bromadiolone concentrations found in each stage of decomposition were: 3000, 2891, 4804, 4245, 8848, and 756 ng/g dry weight at 1–2 h (fresh carcass), 24 h (moderate decomposition), 72 h, 96 h (advanced decomposition), seven days (very advanced decomposition), and 15 days (initial skeletal reduction) after death, respectively. Liver bromadiolone concentrations in carcasses remained relatively stable over the first four days and raised on day 7 of decomposition under the specific conditions of this experiment, presenting a risk of causing tertiary poisoning. However, at the initial skeletal reduction stage, liver bromadiolone concentration declined, which should be considered to interpret toxicological analyses and for proper diagnosis. This experimental study provides for the first time some light to better understand the degradation of SGARs in carcasses in the wild.

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Frequent detection of anticoagulant rodenticides in raptors sampled in Taiwan reflects government rodent control policy

Cited by 30 publications

References 34 publications

Intensive livestock farming as a major determinant of the exposure to anticoagulant rodenticides in raptors of the Canary Islands (Spain)

Intensive livestock farming as a major determinant of the exposure to anticoagulant rodenticides in raptors of the Canary Islands (Spain)

In Silico Analysis to Identify Molecular Targets for Chemicals of Concern: The Case Study of Flocoumafen, an Anticoagulant Pesticide

Temporal Persistence of Bromadiolone in Decomposing Bodies of Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus)

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