Frequent cellular phone use modifies hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis response to a cellular phone call after mental stress in healthy children and adolescents: A pilot study

Geronikolou, Styliani; Chamakou, Aikaterini; Mantzou, Aimilia; Chrousos, George P.; Kanaka‐Gantenbein, Christina

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.052

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Athermal EM effects are statistically observable in pituitary glands [23,24]. At this level, one can presume similar effects on hypothalamusthalamus and pineal glands, since they have similar tissue properties [25,26]. These endocrine glands have a vital effect on the hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response and the circadian cycle (CC) of the body, respectively.…”

Section: Simulation Outcomes' Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Effect Estimation of Smartphone Virtual Reality Headsets on Human Eye by Finite Element Method

ULUAYDIN>

ŞEKER

2022

Sakarya University Journal of Science

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Smartphones (SP) terminals are becoming the most popular media for virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) effects with their central processing unit (CPU) and video capabilities. Simple VR headsets with reasonable costs can host smartphones, and they can together be used for many different applications. But with the outbreak of Covid-19 pandemic, their usage has become essential for many people working from their homes. VR and AR capabilities provide a much richer experience for entertainment, gaming, and video conferencing. The increasing popularity of 3D virtual worlds add up to this usage. On the technology side, multi-radio connectivity is supported both on terminal and network side. A certain risk may arise when using SP VR headsets for such applications requiring a broadband Internet connectivity. SPs with multi-radio connectivity feature may elevate specific absorption rate (SAR) values in those cases. The smartphone used for VR and AR applications is positioned in front of the eyes; and there is very limited ventilation in VR/AR headsets. Authors’ model aims simulate these exposure scenarios in 4G and 5G mobile telecommunication frequencies by finite element method (FEM); and, possible thermal and non-thermal risks of related electromagnetic (EM) radiation on human eye according to the outputs of the model are discussed.

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Section: Simulation Outcomes' Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Effect Estimation of Smartphone Virtual Reality Headsets on Human Eye by Finite Element Method

ULUAYDIN>

ŞEKER

2022

Sakarya University Journal of Science

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“…The hormonal profile of cell phone users, or of people aged from 14 to 60 years living at a distance from 20‐100 to 100‐500 m from a base station, showed a significant effect on the pituitary‐adrenal axis in the form of changes in cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) plasma levels [Eskander et al, ]. Prospective studies of school children (average age 12.5 ± 1.5 years) revealed a change in cortisol saliva after talking 10–20 min on a cell phone (SAR 0.571 ± 0.2 W/kg) compared with the control group [Geronikolou et al, ]. These prospective studies have considered this hormone as a prognostic marker of the endocrine stress response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 171 MHz Low‐Intensity Electromagnetic Field on Glucocorticoid and Mineral Corticoid Activity of the Adrenal Glands of Rats

Perov

Rubtsova

Balzano

2019

Bioelectromagnetics

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A sub-acute electromagnetic field (EMF) biological effect study was carried out on rats exposed in the Transverse ElectroMagnetic exposure chamber at 171 MHz Continuous Wave (CW). The experiments involved three exposure levels (15, 25, and 35 V/m) for 15 days with triplicate parallel sham-exposed controls in each series. All exposure conditions were simulated for the evaluation of the electromagnetic energy distribution and specific absorption rate (SAR) in the rat phantoms. Studies have shown a biphasic biological response depending on time and absorbed electromagnetic energy. Under low SAR, approximately 0.006 W/kg, EMF exposure leads to the stimulation of adrenal gland activity. This process is accompanied by an initial increase of daily excretion of corticosterone and Na + , which is seen as a higher Na + /K + ratio, followed by a decrease of these parameters over time. It is possible that EMF exposure causes a stress response in animals, which is seen as an increased adrenal activity. Bioelectromagnetics. 2019;40:578-587.

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“…Widely accepted as being a complex construct, stress, is divided into several stages: i) the stressors which are the event potentially leading to the psycho-physiological features associated with stress, ii) the mediators which can involve the appraisal of, as well as coping with, the stressor, iii) the moderators where this can include the social support being available as well as the personality and resource of the individual, and finally, iv) the stress response itself which includes activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system ( 3 – 6 ). The physiological response to stress usually involves activation of the HPA axis above the basal level, resulting in increased synthesis and secretion of glucocorticoids (GC) (such as cortisol) as well as activation of the sympathetic nervous system resulting in the secretion of catecholamines (such as adrenalin) ( 7 ). Concerning cancer prognosis, certain psychosocial factors such as little social support and hopelessness were found in many prospective studies and reviews to predict prognosis in cancer, independent of confounders such as cancer stage and treatments ( 1 , 8 , 9 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pro-social neurohormone oxytocin reverses the actions of the stress hormone cortisol in human ovarian carcinoma cells in vitro

Mankarious

Dave

Pados

et al. 2016

International Journal of Oncology

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The journey patients with ovarian cancer travel from non-specific symptoms causing delayed diagnosis through surgery and chemotherapy, culminating in a 5-year survival rate of 43%, must have a profound and detrimental psychological impact on patients. Emerging studies link higher levels of oxytocin (OT) and increased social support, an independent prognostic factor in cancer, with a moderating effect on stress. In contrast, there is a known association of tumour cell proliferation with elevated cortisol (stress hormone) levels. We hypothesise therefore that there is cross-talk between cortisol and oxytocin at a molecular level. Three ovarian cancer cell lines, used as in vitro models, were treated with cortisol at concentrations mimicking physiological stress in vivo in the presence or absence of OT. OT reduced cell proliferation and migration, induced apoptosis and autophagy for all three cell lines, partially reversing the effects of cortisol. Quantitative RT-PCR of tissue taken from ovarian cancer patients revealed that the glucocorticoid receptor (splice variant GR-P) and OT receptor (OTR) were significantly upregulated compared to controls. Tissue microarray revealed that the expression of GRα was lower in the ovarian cancer samples compared to normal tissue. OT is also shown to drive alternative splicing of the GR gene and cortisol-induced OTR expression. OT was able to transactivate GR in the presence of cortisol, thus providing further evidence of cross-talk in vitro. These data provide explanations for why social support might help distressed ovarian cancer patients and help define novel hypotheses regarding potential therapeutic interventions in socially isolated patients.

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Frequent cellular phone use modifies hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis response to a cellular phone call after mental stress in healthy children and adolescents: A pilot study

Cited by 14 publications

References 56 publications

Thermal Effect Estimation of Smartphone Virtual Reality Headsets on Human Eye by Finite Element Method

Thermal Effect Estimation of Smartphone Virtual Reality Headsets on Human Eye by Finite Element Method

Effects of 171 MHz Low‐Intensity Electromagnetic Field on Glucocorticoid and Mineral Corticoid Activity of the Adrenal Glands of Rats

The pro-social neurohormone oxytocin reverses the actions of the stress hormone cortisol in human ovarian carcinoma cells in vitro

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