Frequency upconversion in Tm- and Yb:Tm-doped silica fibers

Hanna, D.C.; Percival, R.M.; Perry, I.R.; Smart, R.G.; Townsend, J.E.; Tropper, A.C.

doi:10.1016/0030-4018(90)90120-i

Cited by 94 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…[9][10][11] In previous works, TG were chosen as a host to study energy transfer processes between RE ions in doubly and triply doped samples. 4,[12][13][14][15][16] In this work, we present spectroscopic properties of Tm 3ϩ ion in alkali niobium tellurite glasses. This glass composition has been presented recently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] An important characteristic of these materials is the relatively low cutoff phonon energy compared with other oxide glasses such as silicate or phosphate glasses. This property has motivated a large number of experiments dedicated to the study of the optical properties of TG doped with RE ions, and thus these glasses are revealed to be strong candidates for uses in photonic devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical properties and frequency upconversion fluorescence in a Tm3+ -doped alkali niobium tellurite glass

Poirier

Cassanjes

Araújo

et al. 2003

Journal of Applied Physics

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Optical spectroscopic properties of Tm 3ϩ -doped 60TeO 2 Ϫ10GeO 2 Ϫ10K 2 OϪ10Li 2 O Ϫ10Nb 2 O 5 glass are reported. The absorption spectra were obtained and radiative parameters were determined using the Judd-Ofelt theory. Characteristics of excited states were studied in two sets of experiments. Excitation at 360 nm originates a relatively narrow band emission at 450 nm attributed to transition 1 D 2 → 3 F 4 of the Tm 3ϩ ion with photon energy larger than the band-gap energy of the glass matrix. Excitation at 655 nm originates a frequency upconverted emission at 450 nm ( 1 D 2 → 3 F 4 ) and emission at 790 nm ( 3 H 4 → 3 H 6 ). The radiative lifetimes of levels 1 D 2 and 3 H 4 were measured and the differences between their experimental values and the theoretical predictions are understood as due to the contribution of energy transfer among Tm 3ϩ ions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical properties and frequency upconversion fluorescence in a Tm3+ -doped alkali niobium tellurite glass

Poirier

Cassanjes

Araújo

et al. 2003

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…[1][2][3][4] However, for the majority of rare-earth single-doped media the infrared-to-visible upconversion process has been proven inefficient, particularly for excitation in the 1.0-1.1 m wavelength region, where high power laser sources are readily available. The realization of Yb 3ϩ -sensitized materials, exploiting the efficient energytransfer mechanism between the sensitizer and pairs or triads of rare-earth ions, has allowed a substantial improvement on the upconversion efficiency process in Tm 3ϩ , 5 Er 3ϩ , 6 and Pr 3ϩ 5,7-10 doped systems. Nevertheless, new approaches to increase the upconversion efficiency are still under search.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twentyfold blue upconversion emission enhancement through thermal effects in Pr3+/Yb3+-codoped fluoroindate glasses excited at 1.064 μm

Oliveira

Gouveia

Araújo

et al. 2000

Journal of Applied Physics

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Infrared-to-visible upconversion emission enhancement through thermal effects in Yb 3ϩ -sensitized Pr 3ϩ -doped fluoroindate glasses excited at 1.064 m is investigated. A twentyfold increase in the 485 nm blue emission intensity as the sample temperature was varied from 20 to 260°C was observed. The visible upconversion fluorescence enhancement is ascribed to the temperature dependent multiphonon-assisted anti-Stokes excitation of the ytterbium sensitizer and excited-state absorption of the praseodymium acceptor. A model based upon conventional rate equations considering a temperature dependent effective absorption cross section for the 2 F 7/2 → 2 F 5/2 transition of the Yb 3ϩ and 1 G 4 → 3 P 0 excited-state absorption of the Pr 3ϩ , agrees very well with the experimental results.

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“…The blue emission has also been attributed to thulium by Jetschke et al [18] and it can be also clearly identified in [19][20]. The emission at 375 nm was observed in Tm-doped silica fibers by Hanna et al [21]. But, to our knowledge, this is the first time that a UV emission around 300 nm is measured in silica glass.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

A new vision of photodarkening in Yb<sup>3+</sup>-doped fibers

Peretti

Gonnet²,

Jurdyc

2012

Optical Components and Materials IX

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Yb 3+-doped fiber is one of the most promising hosts for high-power fiber lasers [1]. However, in the late 1990s, photodarkening effect, i.e., the creation of color centers induced by light, was observed and reported [2]. Like in other rare-earth-doped materials, a broad visible and near infrared absorption band appears during laser operation, which strongly lowers the laser efficiency. We show how thulium impurities, present at the parts-per-billion weights (ppbw) level in the raw doping material, can induce UV emission, which in turn creates defects responsible for photodarkening in ytterbium-doped continuous-wave fiber lasers [3]. This new vision is not in contradiction with others but it gives for the first time a possible explanation for the creation of UV defects by an infrared beam.

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Frequency upconversion in Tm- and Yb:Tm-doped silica fibers

Cited by 94 publications

References 12 publications

Optical properties and frequency upconversion fluorescence in a Tm3+ -doped alkali niobium tellurite glass

Optical properties and frequency upconversion fluorescence in a Tm3+ -doped alkali niobium tellurite glass

Twentyfold blue upconversion emission enhancement through thermal effects in Pr3+/Yb3+-codoped fluoroindate glasses excited at 1.064 μm

A new vision of photodarkening in Yb<sup>3+</sup>-doped fibers

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