Frequency tunable terahertz metamaterials using broadside coupled split-ring resonators

Ekmekçi, Evren; Strikwerda, Andrew C.; Fan, Kebin; Keiser, George R.; Zhang, X.; Turhan‐Sayan, Gönül; Averitt, R. D.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.83.193103

Cited by 82 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…For a single SRR, the fundamental mode is the LC resonant mode 35 . In BC-SRRs, magnetic and electric interactions between the resonators should be considered 25 . The magnetic interaction can be modeled as a mutual inductance, and the electric interaction can be modeled as a mutual capacitance.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Broadside coupled split-ring resonators (SRRs) have been analyzed theoretically and experimentally to evaluate the effect of near field coupling on the response characteristics 23 . On the basis of the understanding of near-field coupling, a tunable metamaterial composed of laterally shifted broadside-coupled split-ring resonators (BC-SRRs) was investigated at the microwave frequencies 24 and subsequently extended to the terahertz (THz) range 25 . However, in these studies, the BC-SRRs had a fixed lateral shift and could not be dynamically modulated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Voltage-tunable dual-layer terahertz metamaterials

et al. 2016

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This paper presents the design, fabrication, and characterization of a real-time voltage-tunable terahertz metamaterial based on microelectromechanical systems and broadside-coupled split-ring resonators. In our metamaterial, the magnetic and electric interactions between the coupled resonators are modulated by a comb-drive actuator, which provides continuous lateral shifting between the coupled resonators by up to 20 μm. For these strongly coupled split-ring resonators, both a symmetric mode and an anti-symmetric mode are observed. With increasing lateral shift, the electromagnetic interactions between the split-ring resonators weaken, resulting in frequency shifting of the resonant modes. Over the entire lateral shift range, the symmetric mode blueshifts bỹ 60 GHz, and the anti-symmetric mode redshifts by~50 GHz. The amplitude of the transmission at 1.03 THz is modulated by 74%; moreover, a 180°phase shift is achieved at 1.08 THz. Our tunable metamaterial device has myriad potential applications, including terahertz spatial light modulation, phase modulation, and chemical sensing. Furthermore, the scheme that we have implemented can be scaled to operate at other frequencies, thereby enabling a wide range of distinct applications.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltage-tunable dual-layer terahertz metamaterials

et al. 2016

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“…To date, the majority of research on the transmission characteristics and tunability of BC-SRRs has focused on designs where both rings have identical resonance frequencies 17,19 . Only one exception, a small subsection of 20 , is known to the authors.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In particular, broadside coupled SRR's (BCSRRs) 16 have attracted considerable attention due to their high structural tunability 13,17 and ability to eliminate parasitic bianisotropic effects at the unit cell level 18 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Decoupling crossover in asymmetric broadside coupled split-ring resonators at terahertz frequencies

et al. 2013

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We investigate the electromagnetic response of asymmetric broadside coupled split ring resonators (ABC-SRRs) as a function of the relative in-plane displacement between the two component SRRs. The asymmetry is defined as the difference in the capacitive gap widths (∆ ∆ ∆ ∆g) between the two resonators comprising a coupled unit. We characterize the response of ABC-SRRs both numerically and experimentally via terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. As with symmetric BC-SRRs (∆ ∆ ∆ ∆g=0µm), a large redshift in the LC resonance is observed with increasing displacement, resulting from changes in the capacitive and inductive coupling. However, for ABC-SRRs, in-plane shifting between the two resonators by more than 0.375L o (L o =SRR sidelength) results in a transition to a response with two resonant modes, associated with decoupling in the ABC-SRRs. For increasing ∆ ∆ ∆ ∆g, the decoupling transition begins at the same relative shift (0.375L o ), though with an increase in the oscillator strength of the new mode. This strongly contrasts with symmetric BC-SRRs which present only one resonance for shifts up to 0.75L o . Since all BC-SRRs are effectively asymmetric when placed on a substrate, an understanding of ABC-SRR behavior is essential for a complete understanding of BC-SRR based metamaterials.

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