Frequency support by wind power plants in isolated grids with varying generation mix

Tielens, Pieter; Mohajerpoor, Reza; Μαρινόπουλος, Αντώνιος; Driesen, Johan

doi:10.1109/pesgm.2012.6344690

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In the literature, most studies within this field focus on small isolated systems as the inertia of these systems is already considerably lower compared to large interconnected systems [3,4,5,6,7]. Furthermore, the ratio of the magnitude of a possible generation outage to the total spinning capacity is usually relatively high for these isolated systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relevance of inertia in power systems

Tielens

Hertem

2016

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

598

387

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The inertia of today's power system decreases as more and more converter connected generation units and load are integrated in the power system. This results in a power system which behaves differently from before which causes concerns for many grid operators. Therefore, a detailed study is needed to investigate the relevance of this inertia in the operation, control and stability of the system. Moreover, a new definition of the term system inertia is necessary since is it expected that in the future also the renewable electricity generation units will deliver so-called virtual (synthetic) inertia. In this paper a review of the research related to inertia in a power system is given. Both the challenges as the solutions from an operator point of view to control a system with low inertia are discussed. Also a new definition of inertia is proposed to incorporate the different forms of inertia which are each described in more detail. From recent studies, it can be concluded that the influence of reduced inertia on frequency stability is generally considered as the main challenge for system operators, but with the additional measures listed in this paper, this impact can be mitigated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relevance of inertia in power systems

Tielens

Hertem

2016

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

598

387

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“…The PVPP can also be controlled to release power emulating the inertia of synchronous generators.A similar method has been used for wind turbines in [25]. In [26], theROCOF resulting from a generation–load unbalance is determined by the followingequation:

J ω_{m} \frac{normald ω_{m}}{normald t} = Δ P

where ω m is the mechanical speed and J is the moment of inertia.…”

Section: Frequency Support Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency support from photovoltaic power plants using offline maximum power point tracking and variable droop control

Fyali

Anaya‐Lara

2019

IET Renewable Power Generation

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With higher penetration of converter-connected renewable energy sources (RES) into power systems, the successful operation of the system is challenged by significant reductions in system inertia. Presently, given the dominant share of conventional synchronous power plant, RES power plants are not demanded to provide ancillary services. However, as RES connections increase, RES power plants will play a major role in power system operation contributing to frequency control. This paper demonstrates that Photovoltaic Power Plants (PVPP) can provide effectively different types of frequency support based on a power reserve and an Offline Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technique. An innovative method to de-load the PVPP without significantly increasing the MPPT complexity is proposed. Results from different PVPP frequency support methods, under varying levels of photovoltaic penetration, are presented which demonstrate their capability to provide inertia support comparable to that of synchronous generators. A new variable droop control method, which releases maximum power during the inertial response and returns to fixed droop gain value after a specified time is also presented. The results from using the variable droop show that the frequency nadir and the rate-of-change-of-frequency (ROCOF) can be significantly reduced and some power reserve still maintained after a frequency event.

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“…In [121, 122], droop controller is used in combination with pitch and overspeed controller. The controllers are operated based on different wind speed range for frequency regulation.…”

Section: Deloading Mpp Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on control techniques and methodologies for maximum power extraction from wind energy systems

Kumar

Saravanan

Padmanaban

et al. 2018

IET Renewable Power Generation

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This review study focuses on various methods and technologies used in past and present for obtaining maximum output power from a wind energy conversion system. There are plenty of solution for maximum power point (MPP), but the problem lies in the effective choice made among them and it needs the expert knowledge on every technique for picking up the best MPP method as every method on its own has some advantages and disadvantages. A comparison has been made among various MPP methods in terms of convergence time, efficiency, training, complexity and wind measurement. Here, different MPP tracking (MPPT) algorithms are classified based on wind speed measurement (WSR) and without WSR models. In this study, from the literature, a novel maximum electrical power tracking (MEPT) and maximum mechanical power tracking (MMPT) methods are compared with state-of-the-art MPPT algorithms. On basis of the results obtained from the literature available, the MEPT algorithm has fast convergence rate of 15 ms; on the other hand, optimal relation-based method is having large convergence rate of 364 ms and less efficient. A case study has been considered for performance validation, and MEPT and MMPT are having a good response for dynamic variation in wind speed.

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Frequency support by wind power plants in isolated grids with varying generation mix

Cited by 21 publications

References 9 publications

The relevance of inertia in power systems

The relevance of inertia in power systems

Frequency support from photovoltaic power plants using offline maximum power point tracking and variable droop control

Review on control techniques and methodologies for maximum power extraction from wind energy systems

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