Frequency, Spectrum, and Stability of Leaf Mutants Induced by Diverse γ-Ray Treatments in Two Cymbidium Hybrids

Kim, Sang Hoon; Kim, Se Won; Ahn, Joon-Woo; Ryu, Jaihyunk; Kwon, Soon‐Jae; Kang, Byoung-Cheorl; Kim, Jin-Baek

doi:10.3390/plants9040546

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Less quantity of chlorophyll (3.02 ± 0.18 μg/mg) and carotenoid (1.19 ± 0.07 μg/mg) compared to the control estimation confirmed the morphological mutation in the M 3 V-4 mutant line [Table 3]. The chlorophyll variegation in leaves after EMS treatment is common to change and seen in different ornamentals, which may be due to the high specificity of EMS for mitochondrial and plastid genome mutations [7,41,42]. Our investigation of improved stomatal density, chlorophyll, and carotenoid contents in the M 3 V-4 mutant line also supports the formation of viridis variegation in the leaf [Figure 12].…”

Section: Evaluation Of Mutants In M 3 Generationmentioning

confidence: 86%

Molecular, morphological, and biomolecular characterization of ethyl methanesulfonate-induced mutations in Aerides odoratum, an orchid

Jyothsna,

S.,

Hallur

et al. 2024

J App Biol Biotech

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Aerides odoratum L. is a medicinal and ornamental orchid of the Eastern Himalayas, India. Its uses in pharmacology are nought because of its rare occurrence, longer life cycle, and lack of artificial methods for large-scale propagation. Protocorms (60 days old) were treated with various concentrations of ethyl methanesulfonate ranging from 0.025% to 0.5% for different durations (2, 5, 7, and 10 days) during M0 (treatment) in vitro generation. The survival of these protocorms and the generation of shoots and roots were noted. 10–20 plantlets of each treatment showing variation in the number and weight of shoots in M0 generation (treatment generation) were maintained for three subsequent generations. M3 (third generation) axenic plantlets were hardened in the orchidarium with a 75% survival frequency. Four mutant lines (M3V1–M3V4) were established based on RAPD analysis of the leaf DNA of 300-day-old plants. M3V-1 was noted as the best among all mutant lines based on morphological analysis, whereas M3V-2 was noted as the most superior in terms of having the highest quantity of osmolytes, pigments, stomata, and phenol. M3V-3 had maximum root length, leaf breadth, and carotenoids. M3V-4 showed the viridis chlorophyll spectrum as the most distinguishing factor. Hence, this standardized protocol can be used for the genetic improvement of A. odoratum.

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Section: Evaluation Of Mutants In M 3 Generationmentioning

confidence: 86%

Molecular, morphological, and biomolecular characterization of ethyl methanesulfonate-induced mutations in Aerides odoratum, an orchid

Jyothsna,

S.,

Hallur

et al. 2024

J App Biol Biotech

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“…It was reported that the treatment of homozygous and heterozygous material affected the mutation frequency and spectrum. In the Cymbidium hybrids RB003 (heterozygosity), the mutation frequency of 50 Gy gamma rays was 0.35%, the mutation effectiveness is calculated as 7 × 10 −5 per dose, which was higher than the homozygous materials [ 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mutagenic effects and mutation characteristics of gamma rays in plants have been particularly important issues concerned by geneticists and breeders. The importance of understanding the relationship between the mutagenesis parameters (such as physical parameters, tissues, sample status, and so on) and the mutation effect is increasingly being recognized [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. The main parameters of gamma rays are the total dose and dose rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency and Spectrum of Mutations Induced by Gamma Rays Revealed by Phenotype Screening and Whole-Genome Re-Sequencing in Arabidopsis thaliana

Feng

Wang

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Genetic variations are an important source of germplasm diversity, as it provides an allele resource that contributes to the development of new traits for plant breeding. Gamma rays have been widely used as a physical agent for mutation creation in plants, and their mutagenic effect has attracted extensive attention. However, few studies are available on the comprehensive mutation profile at both the large-scale phenotype mutation screening and whole-genome mutation scanning. In this study, biological effects on M1 generation, large-scale phenotype screening in M2 generation, as well as whole-genome re-sequencing of seven M3 phenotype-visible lines were carried out to comprehensively evaluate the mutagenic effects of gamma rays on Arabidopsis thaliana. A total of 417 plants with visible mutated phenotypes were isolated from 20,502 M2 plants, and the phenotypic mutation frequency of gamma rays was 2.03% in Arabidopsis thaliana. On average, there were 21.57 single-base substitutions (SBSs) and 11.57 small insertions and deletions (InDels) in each line. Single-base InDels accounts for 66.7% of the small InDels. The genomic mutation frequency was 2.78 × 10−10/bp/Gy. The ratio of transition/transversion was 1.60, and 64.28% of the C > T events exhibited the pyrimidine dinucleotide sequence; 69.14% of the small InDels were located in the sequence with 1 to 4 bp terminal microhomology that was used for DNA end rejoining, while SBSs were less dependent on terminal microhomology. Nine genes, on average, were predicted to suffer from functional alteration in each re-sequenced line. This indicated that a suitable mutation gene density was an advantage of gamma rays when trying to improve elite materials for one certain or a few traits. These results will aid the full understanding of the mutagenic effects and mechanisms of gamma rays and provide a basis for suitable mutagen selection and parameter design, which can further facilitate the development of more controlled mutagenesis methods for plant mutation breeding.

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“…A chimeric common ivy ( H. helix ) sample was collected on Jeju Island. A chimeric plant derived from Cymbidium hybrid ( Cymbidium sinense [♀] × C. goeringii [♂]) was provided by the Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do, Korea) [ 49 , 50 ]. The chimeric cultivar “Purpureus Variegatus” of Hibicus syriacus was supplied by the National Institute of Forest Science (Suwon, Korea).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-throughput discovery of plastid genes causing albino phenotypes in ornamental chimeric plants

Park

Jeon

Cho

et al. 2022

Horticulture Research

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Chimeric plants composed of green and albino tissues have great ornamental value. To unveil the functional genes responsible for albino phenotypes in chimeric plants, we inspected the complete plastid genomes (plastomes) in green and albino leaf tissues from 23 ornamental chimeric plants belonging to 20 species, including monocots, dicots, and gymnosperms. In nine chimeric plants, plastomes were identical between green and albino tissues. Meanwhile, another 14 chimeric plants were heteroplasmic, showing a mutation between green and albino tissues. We identified 14 different point mutations in eight functional plastid genes related to plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (rpo) or photosystems which caused albinism in the chimeric plants. Among them, 12 were deleterious mutations in the target genes, in which early termination appeared due to small deletion-mediated frameshift or single nucleotide substitution. Another was single nucleotide substitution in an intron of the ycf3 and the other was a missense mutation in coding region of the rpoC2 gene. We inspected chlorophyll structure, protein functional model of the rpoC2, and expression levels of the related genes in green and albino tissues of Reynoutria japonica. A single amino acid change, histidine-to-proline substitution, in the rpoC2 protein may destabilize the peripheral helix of plastid-encoded RNA polymerase, impairing the biosynthesis of the photosynthesis system in the albino tissue of R. japonica chimera plant.

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Frequency, Spectrum, and Stability of Leaf Mutants Induced by Diverse γ-Ray Treatments in Two Cymbidium Hybrids

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Molecular, morphological, and biomolecular characterization of ethyl methanesulfonate-induced mutations in Aerides odoratum, an orchid

Molecular, morphological, and biomolecular characterization of ethyl methanesulfonate-induced mutations in Aerides odoratum, an orchid

Frequency and Spectrum of Mutations Induced by Gamma Rays Revealed by Phenotype Screening and Whole-Genome Re-Sequencing in Arabidopsis thaliana

High-throughput discovery of plastid genes causing albino phenotypes in ornamental chimeric plants

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