1972
DOI: 10.1063/1.1693969
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Frequency Shift Due to Trapped Particles

Abstract: The time asymptotic distribution functions corresponding to adiabatic and sudden excitation of an electrostatic wave are calculated. These distributions are compared and used to calculate the nonlinear response of the plasma, and Poisson's equation is used to find a nonlinear dispersion relation.

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Cited by 100 publications
(114 citation statements)
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“…[14] and [11] suggest that kinetic effects might dominate fluid effects even for large amplitudes of LW if kλ D > 0.3. Though the trapped electron frequency shift, perturbatively, varies as |E| 1/2 [6,9,10], and therefore cannot lead to LW collapse [13,45,46], 3D PIC simulation results [18] have been interpreted as showing that the trapped electron LW filamentation instability can saturate [19] stimulated Raman back-scatter (SRS) [21] by reducing the LWs coherence.…”
Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…[14] and [11] suggest that kinetic effects might dominate fluid effects even for large amplitudes of LW if kλ D > 0.3. Though the trapped electron frequency shift, perturbatively, varies as |E| 1/2 [6,9,10], and therefore cannot lead to LW collapse [13,45,46], 3D PIC simulation results [18] have been interpreted as showing that the trapped electron LW filamentation instability can saturate [19] stimulated Raman back-scatter (SRS) [21] by reducing the LWs coherence.…”
Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In that regime a LW has a nonlinear frequency shift ∆ω f luid , due to electron dynamics, proportional to the squared LW electric field amplitude E, i.e. ∆ω f luid ∝ |E| 2 [5][6][7]. As shown in Ref.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…We now compare δω srs and δω num to well-known previously published formulas for the frequency shift, such as the one derived by Dewar [9] for a free EPW by assuming adiabatic electron motion:…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%