Frequency-resolved optical gating: the state of the art

Trebino, Rick; Kimmel, Mark W.; Zeek, E.; Gu, Xun; O’Shea, Patrick; Shreenath, Aparna; Aktürk, Selçuk; Cao, Qiang; Wang, Ziyang

doi:10.1109/leos.2002.1134008

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In this configuration, the pulse energies remain essentially constant over the duration of the adaptive control experiments, although the intensity is dependent on the pulse duration. Pulse shapes are monitored with a Second-Harmonic-Generation FrequencyResolved Optical Gating (SHG FROG) 28 scheme. The thick-lens VMI spectrometer used in these experiments has been described in other publications [29][30][31] and contains an effusive jet to deliver the target gas, similar to the one described by Ghafur and co-workers.…”

Section: Experimental Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporating real time velocity map image reconstruction into closed-loop coherent control

Rallis

Burwitz

Andrews

et al. 2014

Review of Scientific Instruments

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We report techniques developed to utilize three-dimensional momentum information as feedback in adaptive femtosecond control of molecular dynamics. Velocity map imaging is used to obtain the three-dimensional momentum map of the dissociating ions following interaction with a shaped intense ultrafast laser pulse. In order to recover robust feedback information, however, the twodimensional momentum projection from the detector must be inverted to reconstruct the full threedimensional momentum of the photofragments. These methods are typically slow or require manual inputs and are therefore accomplished offline after the images have been obtained. Using an algorithm based upon an "onion-peeling" (also known as "back projection") method, we are able to invert 1040 × 1054 pixel images in under 1 s. This rapid inversion allows the full photofragment momentum to be used as feedback in a closed-loop adaptive control scheme, in which a genetic algorithm tailors an ultrafast laser pulse to optimize a specific outcome. Examples of three-dimensional velocity map image based control applied to strong-field dissociation of CO and O 2 are presented. © 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx

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Section: Experimental Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporating real time velocity map image reconstruction into closed-loop coherent control

Rallis

Burwitz

Andrews

et al. 2014

Review of Scientific Instruments

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“…We first characterized the modulator output using l-FROG. FROG is a well-known technique for fully characterizing (in both phase and amplitude) short optical pulses 5 . In the l-FROG variation of the technique, optical gating is achieved through the use of an electro-optic modulator (EOM), making it particularly suited for low-power telecoms signals 6 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Chirp of Silicon Optical Modulators

Liu

Thomson

Gardès

et al. 2012

European Conference and Exhibition on Optical Communication

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“…Second-Harmonic-Generation is the most sensitive because it involves a second order nonlinearity rather than third. However, being an even order nonlinearity it is time symmetric and thus the time direction is ambiguous [17]. In the following experiments we used a simplifed FROG version called grenouille with a SHG crystal, 18 to 180 fs pulse duration measurement capability 10 .…”

Section: Frequency-resolved Optical Gating (Frog)mentioning

confidence: 99%