Frequency regulation of multiple asynchronous grids using adaptive droop in high‐voltage direct current system

Hassan, Mehedi; Shah, Rakibuzzaman; Hossain, M. J.

doi:10.1049/iet-gtd.2019.1073

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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Section: B Frequency Marginmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The idea of adaptive droop control using the frequency margin has been realized in [24,25]. The frequency of an AC grid is continuously detected by measuring [24] or estimated from collecting the parameters of the on-line generators in the system [25]. The margin showing the distance from frequency at the moment to the predefined frequency limit is then calculated as follows:…”

Section: B Frequency Marginmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, limiting the maximum allowed support power does not ensure a frequency nadir within the frequency standard since the inertia constants, droop gains, dead bands, and ramp rates of generators in that grid substantially affect the frequency nadir [23]. In [24][25][26], droop gain is adaptively changed by the margin to frequency limit, which protects the supporting grid's frequency from violating the frequency standard. However, the condition of DC voltage is neglected in these papers, which may pose instability to the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptive Droop Control for Compromise Between DC Voltage and Frequency in Multi-Terminal HVDC

Nguyen

Dzung

2021

IEEE Access

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By connecting many wind farms and grids via multi-terminal high-voltage direct current transmission (MT-HVDC), the reserve power of each grid can be shared to balance the power mismatch. Resulting from a shortage of generated power, the frequency nadir and the lowest DC voltage may violate the constraints of continuous operation. Using a trade-off, this paper proposes a new control strategy based on adaptive droop control to make a compromise between DC voltage and grid frequency. By applying the proposed method, the demands from both sides are efficiently met. The proposed method relies on a decentralized approach, avoiding dependence on the communication link. In addition, wind farms are allowable to operate at the optimal power point without using a de-loading strategy. Time-domain simulations are conducted in PSCAD. The improvement in system reliability is proved by comparing with existing methods.

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Section: B Frequency Marginmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Frequency Marginmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptive Droop Control for Compromise Between DC Voltage and Frequency in Multi-Terminal HVDC

Nguyen

Dzung

2021

IEEE Access

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“…The grid model is developed in DIgSILENT PowerFactory [21]. In terms of the MTDC grid operation [22], the MMCs-2, 3, and 4 are operated in P − Q control mode to maintain the grid power balance. Alternatively, the regulation of DC voltage is provided by MMC-1 station with V DC − Q control mode.…”

Section: A Test Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

DC Fault Identification in Multiterminal HVDC Systems Based on Reactor Voltage Gradient

2021

Self Cite

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With the increasing number of renewable generations, the prospects of long-distance bulk power transmission impels the expansion of point-to-point High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) grid to an emerging Multi-terminal high-voltage Direct Current (MTDC) grid. The DC grid protection with faster selectivity enhances the operational continuity of the MTDC grid. Based on the reactor voltage gradient (RVG), this paper proposes a fast and reliable fault identification technique with precise discrimination of internal and external DC faults. Considering the voltage developed across the modular multilevel converter (MMC) reactor and DC terminal reactor, the RVG is formulated to characterise an internal and external DC fault. With a window of four RVG samples, the fault is detected and discriminated by the proposed main protection scheme amidst a period of five sampling intervals. Depending on the reactor current increment, a backup protection scheme is also proposed to enhance the protection reliability. The performance of the proposed scheme is validated in a four-terminal MTDC grid. The results under meaningful fault events show that the proposed scheme is capable to identify the DC fault within millisecond. Moreover, the evaluation of the protection sensitivity and robustness reveals that the proposed scheme is highly selective for a wide range of fault resistances and locations, higher sampling frequencies, and irrelevant transient events. Furthermore, the comparison results exhibit that the proposed RVG method improves the discrimination performance of the protection scheme and thereby, proves to be a better choice for future DC fault identification.

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Review on advanced control techniques for microgrids

D.,

2023

Energy Reports

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Frequency regulation of multiple asynchronous grids using adaptive droop in high‐voltage direct current system

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Adaptive Droop Control for Compromise Between DC Voltage and Frequency in Multi-Terminal HVDC

Adaptive Droop Control for Compromise Between DC Voltage and Frequency in Multi-Terminal HVDC

DC Fault Identification in Multiterminal HVDC Systems Based on Reactor Voltage Gradient

Review on advanced control techniques for microgrids

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