Frequency of typhoid fever and its association with seasonal variations in Taxila, Pakistan

Bukhari, Naeem; Saleem, Afshan; Jabbar, Abdul; Khan, Sadiq Noor; Ahmad, Bilal; Habib, Nasir; Haseeb, Abdul; Khan, Azhar U.; Ali, Muhammad; Khan, Mohammad Adeeb; Khan, Aftab Ahmad

doi:10.1016/s2222-1808(16)61094-0

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This was narrowed down to 64 reports after duplicate removal, and screening by title, abstract, and full text-review for data on typhoid fever epidemiology in an EMR country. Of these, an additional 23 reports were excluded based on diagnostic method exclusive of blood culture confirmation (i.e., stool culture, [13][14][15] serologic test, [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] wastewater testing, 24 or clinical diagnosis alone, 25 method unspecified 26,27 ), or non-full text articles. [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] The remaining 41 unique studies met selection criteria and were included in analyses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Typhoid Fever in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Systematic Review, 1990–2021

Appiah

Prentice-Mott

et al. 2023

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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The occurrence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of typhoid fever in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) are poorly characterized. Robust surveillance data are needed to inform strategies for typhoid control and prevention in the region. We conducted a systematic review of typhoid fever occurrence, complications, and AMR patterns in EMR countries. We identified 70 studies published from 1990 to 2021, including a total of 44,541 cases with blood culture confirmed typhoid fever in 12 EMR countries, with 48 (69%) studies and 42,008 cases from Pakistan. Among 56 studies with AMR data, fluroquinolone (68% of 13,013 tested isolates), and multidrug resistance (40% of 15,765 tested isolates) were common. Forty (57%) of the 56 studies were from Pakistan, and all reports of extensively drug resistant Salmonella Typhi (48% of 9,578 tested isolates) were from studies in Pakistan. Our findings support the need for continued efforts to strengthen surveillance and laboratory capacity for blood-culture detection of typhoid fever in the region, including data from an ongoing collaboration among CDC, the American University of Beirut, and the WHO EMR office.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Typhoid Fever in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Systematic Review, 1990–2021

Appiah

Prentice-Mott

et al. 2023

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Distribusi pasien demam tifoid dewasa paling banyak terjadi pada rentan usia 25-45 tahun. Hasil penelitian sesuai dengan penelitian yang telah dilakukan oleh Rahmawati (2020), dimana demam tifoid biasanya terjadi pada usia produktif, yakni mulai dari usia 15-64 tahun dan sejalan dengan penelitian yang telah dilakukan di Taxila, Pakistan oleh Bukhari (2016), yang mengatakan bahwa bila dikategorikan berdasarkan umur, maka demam tifoid paling banyak terjadi pada rentang usia 25-35 tahun.…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasanunclassified

Pola Penggunaan Antibiotik Pada Pasien Demam Tifoid Dewasa Di Salah Satu Puskesmas Di Kabupaten Bangka Tengah Tahun 2020

2022

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Demam tifoid merupakan infeksi akut yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Salmonella thypi yang menyerang saluran pencernaan. Pengobatan utama demam tifoid ialah dengan pemberian antibiotik. Tujuan penelitian ialah untuk mengetahui gambaran subyek penelitian dan pola penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien demam tifoid dewasa di poli rawat jalan Puskesmas Sungai Selan periode Januari 2020 – Desember 2020. Penelitian bersifat observasional dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif dari catatan rekam medik pasien. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menghitung frekuensi distribusi variabel dan dinilai rasionalitasnya menggunakan metode gyssens. Hasil dari penelitian yaitu demam tifoid dewasa lebih banyak terjadi pada pasien dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki (59%) daripada perempuan (41%), pasien demam tifoid paling banyak ditemukan dalam rentan usia 32-38 tahun (30%), pasien demam tifoid paling banyak berasal dari Desa Romadon (47%) dan pola antibiotik yang digunakan di Puskesmas Sungai Selan, yaitu kloramfenikol 4x500 mg/hari selama 10 hari dan siprofloksasin 2x500 mg/hari selama 7 hari.

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“…Infectious diseases are especially more prevalent among the pediatric population in tropical countries like Pakistan and India [10][11][12][13][14][15]. Many of these infections which may be associated with thrombocytopenia include malaria (35%) [1], dengue fever (34%) [1], enteric fever (18.39%) [16], sepsis (26%) [17], leptospirosis (34%) [18], influenza viral infection (28.32%) [19] and chikungunya (35%) [20]. However, it may also occur due to non-infectious diseases including aplastic anemia (23%) [21], malignancy (17.40%) [21] and megaloblastic anemia (13.04%) [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fever with Thrombocytopenia in the Pediatric Age Group

Dilshad,

Jamal,

Firoz

et al. 2023

PJMHS

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Introduction: Fever with thrombocytopenia refers to a reduction in platelet count below 150,000/L in association with fever. Although febrile thrombocytopenia may occur due to aplastic anemia, malignancy or megaloblastic anemia, its commonest cause in the pediatric age group is infections like Dengue fever, Malaria and Enteric fever. Since infectious diseases are highly prevalent in our region we decided to determine the frequency of diseases associated with febrile thrombocytopenia in the pediatric age group. Objective: To determine the frequency of diseases associated with febrile thrombocytopenia in the pediatrics age group Study Design: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study Place and Duration: Department of Paediatric Medicine, Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan from November 22, 2018, to May 21, 2019 Methodology: After obtaining informed consent data related to signs, symptoms, clinical and confirmed diagnosis, and relevant lab results were recorded for children who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed in terms of frequencies and percentages for qualitative variables like age group, gender and outcome variables. Results: Mean ± SD of age was 4.74±3.28. Out of 89 patients, 45(50.56%) were male and 44(49.44%) were female. In distribution for common causes of thrombocytopenia, 19 (21.3%) had malaria, 8 (9%) had dengue, 25 (28.1%) had an enteric fever, 32 (36%) had sepsis, 2 (2.2%) had malignancy and 3 (3.4%) had megaloblastic anemia. Conclusion: Sepsis, dengue, and malaria were the most frequent causes of thrombocytopenia. Therefore, anytime thrombocytopenia is found, more investigations can usually assist us in making the right diagnosis. Keywords: Febrile Thrombocytopenia, Malaria, Sepsis, Dengue, Enteric.

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Frequency of typhoid fever and its association with seasonal variations in Taxila, Pakistan

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

Typhoid Fever in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Systematic Review, 1990–2021

Typhoid Fever in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Systematic Review, 1990–2021

Pola Penggunaan Antibiotik Pada Pasien Demam Tifoid Dewasa Di Salah Satu Puskesmas Di Kabupaten Bangka Tengah Tahun 2020

Fever with Thrombocytopenia in the Pediatric Age Group

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