Abstract:Background: Fracture of the humerus usually result in radial nerve injury. This study was done with the aim to determine the incidence of Radial Nerve Injury in patients with closed fracture of the humerus shaft in high-energy trauma cases. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Orthopedics and Emergency room, Ghurki Teaching Hospital, Lahore from January to December 2021 recruiting consecutive such patients. Standard ward protocol was followed to manage the patients initially incl… Show more
“…Multiple studies have reported the natural history of median nerve palsy after SCHF 3,17–20 . Although many median palsies after SCHF resolve quickly and spontaneously, several reports of long-term sequelae inconsistent with a neurapraxic injury exist 2,3,8–10,21 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Multiple studies have reported the natural history of median nerve palsy after SCHF. 3,[17][18][19][20] Although many median palsies after SCHF resolve quickly and spontaneously, several reports of long-term sequelae inconsistent with a neurapraxic injury exist. 2,3,[8][9][10]21 Despite this, contemporary studies continue to describe SCHF-associated median nerve injury as neurapraxic in nature 4,7 when many have an axonotmetic component (Sunderland grade 2 or greater 22 ).…”
Section: Median Nerve Recovery Is Often Incompletementioning
Background:
Management of supracondylar humerus fractures (SCHF) with coexisting median nerve injury is controversial. Although many nerve injuries improve with the reduction and stabilization of the fracture, the speed and completeness of recovery are unclear. This study investigates median nerve recovery time using the serial examination.
Methods:
A prospectively maintained database of SCHF-related nerve injuries referred to a tertiary hand therapy unit between 2017 and 2021 was interrogated. Factors related to the injury (vascularity, Gartland grade, open vs. closed fracture) and treatment (fixation modality, adequacy, timing of reduction, vascular and nerve intervention, and secondary procedures) were assessed.
Primary outcomes were the motor recovery of Medical Research Council (MRC) grade 4 or 5 in flexor pollicis longus or flexor digitorum profundus (index) and detection of the 2.83 Semmes Weinstein monofilament.
A retrospective clinical note review of all SCHF presenting during the same period was also conducted.
Results:
Of 1096 SCHF, 74 (7%) had an associated median nerve palsy. Twenty-one patients [mean age 7 years (SD 1.6)] with SCHF-related median nerve injuries underwent serial examination. Nineteen (90%) were modified Gartland III or IV, and 10 (48%) were pulseless on presentation. The mean follow-up was 324 days.
The mean motor recovery time was 120 days (SD 71). Four (27%) and 2 (13%) patients had not achieved MRC grade 4 by 6 months and 2 years, respectively. Only 50% attained MRC grade 5 at 2 years.
When compared with closed reduction, those who underwent open reduction recovered motor function 80 days faster (mean 71 vs. 151 d, P=0.03) and sensory function 110 days faster (52 vs. 162, P=0.02). Fewer patients recovered after closed reduction (8 of 10) than open (5 of 5).
Modified Gartland grade, vascular status, adequacy of reduction, and secondary surgery were not associated with recovery time.
Conclusions:
Median nerve recovery seems to occur slower than previously thought, is often incomplete, and is affected by treatment decisions (open vs. closed reduction). Retrospective reporting methods may overestimate median nerve recovery.
Level of Evidence:
Level III—therapeutic.
“…Multiple studies have reported the natural history of median nerve palsy after SCHF 3,17–20 . Although many median palsies after SCHF resolve quickly and spontaneously, several reports of long-term sequelae inconsistent with a neurapraxic injury exist 2,3,8–10,21 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Multiple studies have reported the natural history of median nerve palsy after SCHF. 3,[17][18][19][20] Although many median palsies after SCHF resolve quickly and spontaneously, several reports of long-term sequelae inconsistent with a neurapraxic injury exist. 2,3,[8][9][10]21 Despite this, contemporary studies continue to describe SCHF-associated median nerve injury as neurapraxic in nature 4,7 when many have an axonotmetic component (Sunderland grade 2 or greater 22 ).…”
Section: Median Nerve Recovery Is Often Incompletementioning
Background:
Management of supracondylar humerus fractures (SCHF) with coexisting median nerve injury is controversial. Although many nerve injuries improve with the reduction and stabilization of the fracture, the speed and completeness of recovery are unclear. This study investigates median nerve recovery time using the serial examination.
Methods:
A prospectively maintained database of SCHF-related nerve injuries referred to a tertiary hand therapy unit between 2017 and 2021 was interrogated. Factors related to the injury (vascularity, Gartland grade, open vs. closed fracture) and treatment (fixation modality, adequacy, timing of reduction, vascular and nerve intervention, and secondary procedures) were assessed.
Primary outcomes were the motor recovery of Medical Research Council (MRC) grade 4 or 5 in flexor pollicis longus or flexor digitorum profundus (index) and detection of the 2.83 Semmes Weinstein monofilament.
A retrospective clinical note review of all SCHF presenting during the same period was also conducted.
Results:
Of 1096 SCHF, 74 (7%) had an associated median nerve palsy. Twenty-one patients [mean age 7 years (SD 1.6)] with SCHF-related median nerve injuries underwent serial examination. Nineteen (90%) were modified Gartland III or IV, and 10 (48%) were pulseless on presentation. The mean follow-up was 324 days.
The mean motor recovery time was 120 days (SD 71). Four (27%) and 2 (13%) patients had not achieved MRC grade 4 by 6 months and 2 years, respectively. Only 50% attained MRC grade 5 at 2 years.
When compared with closed reduction, those who underwent open reduction recovered motor function 80 days faster (mean 71 vs. 151 d, P=0.03) and sensory function 110 days faster (52 vs. 162, P=0.02). Fewer patients recovered after closed reduction (8 of 10) than open (5 of 5).
Modified Gartland grade, vascular status, adequacy of reduction, and secondary surgery were not associated with recovery time.
Conclusions:
Median nerve recovery seems to occur slower than previously thought, is often incomplete, and is affected by treatment decisions (open vs. closed reduction). Retrospective reporting methods may overestimate median nerve recovery.
Level of Evidence:
Level III—therapeutic.
“…Fractures have a negative impact on children and young people in multiple ways. [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Given the increasing trend of methylphenidate uses all over the world over the past 20 years, 3,26 it is necessary to understand the relationship between the risk of fractures and methylphenidate use, to address the knowledge gap and to provide clinical guidance. Although several observational studies using between-subject design 17,18,27,28 have been conducted to investigate the association between the use of methylphenidate and the risk of fractures, they have yielded mixed results.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although previous studies have demonstrated that the use of methylphenidate is associated with a lower risk of injury, 17,18 given the potential negative bone‐metabolic effect of methylphenidate, it is not clear if methylphenidate is associated with the risk of fractures. Fractures have a negative impact on children and young people in multiple ways 19–25 . Given the increasing trend of methylphenidate uses all over the world over the past 20 years, 3,26 it is necessary to understand the relationship between the risk of fractures and methylphenidate use, to address the knowledge gap and to provide clinical guidance.…”
Animal studies suggest that methylphenidate treatment for around 3 months may lead to less mineralized and weaker appendicular bones. A systematic review was conducted to summarize the evidence from observational studies, and a selfcontrolled case series study was used to compare the risk before and after treatment initiation.Methods: Literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library to identify observational studies on methylphenidate and fractures. We also conducted a self-controlled case series study with individuals aged 5-24 years who received methylphenidate treatment and experienced fractures from 2001 to 2020 in Hong Kong. Incidence rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by comparing the incidence rate in the methylphenidate-exposed period compared with nonexposed period.Results: Six cohort studies and 2 case-control studies were included in the systematic review. For all-cause fractures, studies found a 39-74% lower risk in treatedattention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) group compared with untreated ADHD but no difference between stimulants and nonstimulants. Differences between sexes and treatment duration were also found-significant results were shown in males and those with longer treatment duration. Among 43 841 individuals with ADHD medication before the year 2020, 2023 were included in the selfcontrolled case series analysis. The risks of fractures were lower by 32-41% in different treatment periods when compared with 6 months before treatment initiation.
La lesión del nervio radial (LNR) es una de las lesiones más comunes del miembro superior, generalmente ocasionada por fracturas del húmero, esta origina la pérdida de la extensión de la muñeca y de los dedos, conduciendo a una discapacidad, malestar psicológico y pérdida de empleo, motivos por el cual amerita gran atención y buen manejo. El objetivo es identificar y tratar adecuada y oportunamente la LNR, con el fin de evitar la disminución de la calidad de vida en estos pacientes. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las plataformas de PudMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, SciencieDirect y Cochrane Library, con el fin de encontrar respaldo bibliográfico para poder plantear una adecuada resolución quirúrgica a un paciente masculino de 25 años de edad con LNR de 18 meses de evolución.La triple transferencia tendinosa dio como resultados a corto plazo una adecuada recuperación de la extensión de los dedos y de la muñeca, así como una buena abducción y extensión del primer dedo, tantos los rangos de movilidad como fuerza muscular mejoran progresivamente con la fisioterapia.Las transferencias tendinosas tienen un buen respaldo bibliográfico, sin embargo, es de mucha importancia conocer la anatomía, realizar una correcta evaluación de los tendones a transferir, iniciar una fisioterapia intensiva y precoz. Además, tener en cuenta los objetivos de la reconstrucción, comprender el deseo y las expectativas del paciente.
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