Frequency of non-communicable diseases in people 50 years of age and older receiving HIV care in Latin America

Belaunzarán-Zamudio, Pablo F; Caro‐Vega, Yanink; Giganti, Mark J.; Castilho, Jessica L; Crabtree-Ramírez, Brenda; Shepherd, Bryan E.; Mejía, Fernando; César, Carina; Moreira, Rodrigo; Wolff, Marcelo; Pape, Jean William; Padgett, Denis; McGowan, Catherine C.; Sierra‐Madero, Juan

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0233965

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In our study, although the rate of MSM was lower in the older group than the younger group, it remained the most common route of HIV in this group and was much higher than that found in a cross-sectional study in Taiwan (49.0%) [26] and a cohort study in Latin America (24%) [27]. However, the populations in those two studied were PLWH who had followup HIV care at a hospital, which may account for the difference.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

Treatment‐naïve people living with HIV aged 50 years or older in Beijing, China, 2010–2020: joinpoint regression model analysis of surveillance data

Wang,

Zhou,

Wang

et al. 2023

J Int AIDS Soc.

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IntroductionAs they age, people living with HIV (PLWH) must face new challenges, such as accelerated ageing and higher rates of comorbidities. This study described the characteristics of HIV acquisition among treatment‐naïve PLWH aged ≥50 years and <50 years in Beijing from 2010 to 2020, exploring associated risk factors for comorbidities.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, differences in HIV‐related and non‐HIV‐related characteristics were compared using the t‐test, Mann−Whitney U test and chi‐square test. Temporal trend data were analysed via joinpoint regression. A multivariate logistic regression model was conducted to analyse the associated factors with PLWH having one or more comorbidities.ResultsThe proportion of PLWH aged ≥50 years has significantly increased since 2013, with a corresponding increase in homosexual transmission in this age group over the past decade. The proportion of individuals with CD4 counts <200 cells/μl significantly decreased from 2010 to 2013 among PLWH aged ≥50 years and from 2010 to 2014 among those aged <50 years. Delayed initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) improved for both age groups over the course of the decade, especially from 2014 to 2020. Compared to PLWH aged <50 years, those aged ≥50 years had a higher proportion of CD4 counts <200 cells/μl, higher levels of plasma HIV RNA load and a higher prevalence of non‐HIV‐related risk factors. Multivariate analysis revealed that PLWH aged ≥50, male, not single, transmission through heterosexual contact or drug injection, WHO Stage IV, coinfection with hepatitis B virus/hepatitis C virus and CD4 counts <200 cells/μl at the initiation of ART were associated with higher risk of the presence of an HIV comorbidity.ConclusionsDue to the persistent burden of HIV‐related characteristics or symptoms and the increasing prevalence of coexisting comorbidities among treatment‐naïve PLWH aged ≥50 years, physicians should provide the highest‐quality screening, prevention, treatment and management of coexisting comorbidities, adopting a multidisciplinary approach.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

Treatment‐naïve people living with HIV aged 50 years or older in Beijing, China, 2010–2020: joinpoint regression model analysis of surveillance data

Wang,

Zhou,

Wang

et al. 2023

J Int AIDS Soc.

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“…The WHO 1 report of 2021 indicates that more than 15 million persons between the ages of 30–69 years die from an NCD every year; 85% of these ‘premature’ deaths take place in low- and middle-income nations. Again, Belaunzaran-Zamudio et al 23 found that between 2000 and 2015, multi-morbidity increased from 30% to 40% and the annual prevalence of NCDs among people aged 50 years or older living with HIV rose from 32% to 68%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiences of patients with chronic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic in the North West province, South Africa

Mboweni¹,

Risenga²

2023

S Afr Fam Pract

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Background: Patients with chronic diseases (PWCDs) were severely affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, as they were prevented from making the necessary visits to health facilities for medical review and to collect their medication. The emergence of the health crisis and inadequate access to quality care affected chronic care management. The perspectives of PWCDs are not known, and therefore the research on which this paper is based sought to investigate the lived experiences of these patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: A qualitative phenomenological design was used to obtain the lived experiences of PWCDs identified for participation in the study by means of purposive sampling. Patients’ experiences were obtained during individual structured interviews, and a checklist was used to gather patient characteristics from their files.Results: Three themes emerged from the study findings, namely poor healthcare services, the socio-economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic had devastating effects on PWCDs, in that they experienced barriers to accessing quality chronic care services and suffered psychological and financial difficulties that affected their health, life, needs and expectations.Conclusion: Policymakers should consider PWCDs when responding to a public health concern in the future.Contribution: The study findings may have an impact on future policies regulating the management of chronic diseases during epidemics, in order to improve patient health outcomes and satisfaction with healthcare services and the chronic care model based on the experiences of PWCDs.

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“…2 Some of the factors that increase susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are also relevant for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes COVID-19. 3,4 Certain comorbidities were stronger drivers of COVID-19 outcomes and were associated with an increased risk of death. 5 Opportunistic infections (OIs) are a leading cause of mortality in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-Associated Mycobacterium Avium Complex, Oral Candida, and SARS-CoV-2 Co-Infection: A Rare Case Report

Duan¹,

Ma²,

Xu³

et al. 2022

IDR

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Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread rapidly to become a global pandemic. Opportunistic infections (OIs) are common in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and oral candidiasis (OC) are frequently responsible for such infections. Here, we describe a patient with a recent history of COVID-19 who was also diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), MAC, and OC. Case Presentation The patient was a 23-year-old woman with a past medical history of HIV infection who was diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection 6 days prior to her referral to hospital. Her chief complaints were chest distress and continuous fever with a background of a 5-month history of anemia and tuberculosis (TB). Chest X-ray showed bilateral parenchymal infiltrates suspicious for COVID-19. She was treated with oxygen, empiric antibacterial and antiretroviral therapy. Further workup showed MAC and OC infection. She was started on ethambutol, rifampin and antifungal treatment for influenzas and her symptoms resolved in 8 weeks. Follow-up chest computed tomography scanning showed that the lung lesions disappeared within a short period of time. Conclusion A thorough history and clinical examination are vital to arriving at the correct diagnosis or diagnoses. With the COVID-19 pandemic, clinicians caring for immunosuppressed patients need to remain vigilant of the simultaneous presence of OIs. This report highlights the importance of the treatment and prevention of OIs in HIV-infected persons, which may reduce adverse consequences after infection with SARS-CoV-2.

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Frequency of non-communicable diseases in people 50 years of age and older receiving HIV care in Latin America

Abstract: ¶ Membership of the Caribbean, Central and South American network for HIV epidemiology (CCASAnet) is provided in the Acknowledgments.

Cited by 15 publications

References 44 publications

Treatment‐naïve people living with HIV aged 50 years or older in Beijing, China, 2010–2020: joinpoint regression model analysis of surveillance data

Treatment‐naïve people living with HIV aged 50 years or older in Beijing, China, 2010–2020: joinpoint regression model analysis of surveillance data

Experiences of patients with chronic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic in the North West province, South Africa

HIV-Associated Mycobacterium Avium Complex, Oral Candida, and SARS-CoV-2 Co-Infection: A Rare Case Report

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