“…Of these 1769 articles, 21 were selected as potential studies based on their abstracts. 10,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] However, only 10 of the 21 papers reviewed met the relevance criteria established for this meta-analysis. 10,32,34,[36][37][38][39][43][44][45] The 10 articles selected by this meta-analysis were covered by MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…10,26,27,29,33,34,36,37,40,[43][44][45][46] Six authors responded to the mail/email communication and provided further information. 10,34,37,40,43,45 Therefore, the articles were analysed based on the available information provided by them.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Finally, 11 studies were rejected after applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria. [26][27][28][29][30][31]33,35,[40][41][42] The primary reason for the rejection of these studies was: (a) the diagnosis of CEH was unclear or non-existent; 28,30,33,40,47 (b) there was no clear description of CMI related to CEH or data from the CMI was not provided; 26,27,31,35,42 and (c) the article was an abstract (not identified by the initial abstract selection). 41 After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, reviewer agreement about article selection was analysed with Kappa; the result was k51 .…”
The differential diagnosis of cervicogenic headache (CEH) requires the presence of a pattern of symptoms and cervical musculoskeletal signs that distinguishes it from other types of headaches. The investigation of cervical musculoskeletal impairments (CMI) can help in the diagnosis and treatment of the CEH. In order to assess the evidence concerning CMI in CEH subjects, a systematic review and a meta-analysis was performed. Several electronic databases were searched. A checklist was used to identify suitable articles and a methodological scale was used to analyse their quality. Ten articles met the inclusion criteria. Based on our meta-analysis, patients with CEH have altered range of motion in rotation, flexion-extension, cervical rotation with cervical flexion, altered cervical flexor strength, and altered cervical flexor endurance. More controlled studies investigating the cervical impairments in CEH, with a clear history of patients, and greater sample sizes, are necessary.
“…Of these 1769 articles, 21 were selected as potential studies based on their abstracts. 10,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] However, only 10 of the 21 papers reviewed met the relevance criteria established for this meta-analysis. 10,32,34,[36][37][38][39][43][44][45] The 10 articles selected by this meta-analysis were covered by MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…10,26,27,29,33,34,36,37,40,[43][44][45][46] Six authors responded to the mail/email communication and provided further information. 10,34,37,40,43,45 Therefore, the articles were analysed based on the available information provided by them.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Finally, 11 studies were rejected after applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria. [26][27][28][29][30][31]33,35,[40][41][42] The primary reason for the rejection of these studies was: (a) the diagnosis of CEH was unclear or non-existent; 28,30,33,40,47 (b) there was no clear description of CMI related to CEH or data from the CMI was not provided; 26,27,31,35,42 and (c) the article was an abstract (not identified by the initial abstract selection). 41 After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, reviewer agreement about article selection was analysed with Kappa; the result was k51 .…”
The differential diagnosis of cervicogenic headache (CEH) requires the presence of a pattern of symptoms and cervical musculoskeletal signs that distinguishes it from other types of headaches. The investigation of cervical musculoskeletal impairments (CMI) can help in the diagnosis and treatment of the CEH. In order to assess the evidence concerning CMI in CEH subjects, a systematic review and a meta-analysis was performed. Several electronic databases were searched. A checklist was used to identify suitable articles and a methodological scale was used to analyse their quality. Ten articles met the inclusion criteria. Based on our meta-analysis, patients with CEH have altered range of motion in rotation, flexion-extension, cervical rotation with cervical flexion, altered cervical flexor strength, and altered cervical flexor endurance. More controlled studies investigating the cervical impairments in CEH, with a clear history of patients, and greater sample sizes, are necessary.
“…Neck column length. Neck column length was measured as described by Grimmer et al [22] and established as reliable by Blizzard et al [5]. Each subject was measured in sitting with hips, knees and ankles at 90 degrees and head vertically aligned.…”
Section: Postural Measuresmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Attempts to address the problem of neck pain in VDT operators have included variations in workstation layout, computer screen height, education and use of pause exercises to name only a few, reflecting the multifactorial nature of the condition [1,4,22,23].…”
Objective: The prevalence of neck and shoulder pain in visual display terminal operators is estimated between 40% and 69%. One theory proposed for this is inadequate low load functioning of the postural muscles of the neck and shoulder girdle leading to microtrauma of cervical spine structures. A temporal sequence linking muscle performance to the subsequent development of neck pain has never been established. This pilot study sought to determine whether postural muscle performance factors are associated with neck pain in a population of visual display terminal users. Methods: Twenty-eight subjects underwent a baseline physical examination. Clinical measurements of low-load deep cervical flexor muscle performance, shoulder girdle muscle endurance, neck column length, head and neck posture and body mass index were made and demographic factors collected. Following the examination, a Neck Pain and Disability Scale questionnaire was administered. Variables were analysed in a regression analysis with the questionnaire scores. Questionnaires were readministered at six months follow up. Results: Descriptive variables "years of occupational screen based keyboard use" (p = 0.021) and "use of reading glasses" (p = 0.027) were statistically significantly correlated with Neck Pain and Disability Scale score at baseline, while "hours of home computer use" (p < 0.001) was associated with the change in questionnaire score at 6 months follow up. Muscle performance factors did not contribute to either model. Conclusions: Given the sample size in this pilot study, we cannot rule out an association between muscle parameters and the onset of neck pain and disability. However, the influence of any such association would be weaker than other identified associated variables.
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