Frequency of gastrointestinal involvement and its clinical significance in mantle cell lymphoma

Abstract

Emulsion polymers are “products by process” whose main properties are determined during polymerization. In this scenario of margins reduction, increasing competition, and public sensitivity to environmental issues, the challenge is to achieve an efficient production of high‐quality materials in a consistent, safe, and environmentally friendly way. This highlight reviews the investigations carried out at The University of the Basque Country to develop a knowledge‐based strategy to achieve these goals. First, the research in fundamental mechanisms is discussed. This includes studies in radical entry and exit, oil‐soluble initiators, propagation‐rate constants of acrylic monomers, processes involved in the formation of branched and crosslinked polymers, microstructure modification by postreaction operations, the formation of particle morphology, and reactive surfactants. The advanced mathematical models developed in the group are also reviewed. In the second part, the advances in process development (optimization, online monitoring and control, monomer removal, production of high‐solids, low‐viscosity latices, and process intensification) are presented. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 1025–1041, 2004

Mantle Cell Lymphoma Presenting as a Gastric Mass & Multiple Lymphomatous Polyposis of the Duodenum: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

“…Almost all MCL cases express cyclin D1 though, including the cases lacking CD5 (5% of the cases) or expressing CD23 (10% of the cases) [46]. GI tract involvement occurs frequently in MCL, typically in the form of multiple lymphomatous polyposis (MLP) [13]; and many consider MLP as the GI counterpart of MCL [47]. It is characterized by the presence of numerous polypoid lesions of malignant lymphoma, and is often accompanied by extraabdominal dissemination (especially to peripheral lymph nodes) [48].…”

“…In our case, the polypoid lesions in the duodenum were most probably MLP. Recent reports have endoscopically revealed that 46%-49% of MCL patients had esophago-gastroduodenal involvement, and that 38%-62% had colorectal involvement [10,13]. Endoscopic findings of the upper and lower GI tract in MCL have included inflammation, nodules, polyps, ulcers, thickened walls, and masses [13].…”

“…Recent reports have endoscopically revealed that 46%-49% of MCL patients had esophago-gastroduodenal involvement, and that 38%-62% had colorectal involvement [10,13]. Endoscopic findings of the upper and lower GI tract in MCL have included inflammation, nodules, polyps, ulcers, thickened walls, and masses [13]. Masses have been usually found in the upper GI tract (4.2% of the upper GI tract findings vs. 0% of the lower GI tract findings) [13].…”

“…Endoscopic findings of the upper and lower GI tract in MCL have included inflammation, nodules, polyps, ulcers, thickened walls, and masses [13]. Masses have been usually found in the upper GI tract (4.2% of the upper GI tract findings vs. 0% of the lower GI tract findings) [13]. Generally speaking, GI lymphomas, in decreasing order of frequency, involve the stomach, ileum, jejunum, and duodenum, a pattern that reflects the relative amount of normal lymphoid cells in these organs [9].…”

“…Peripheral blood lymphocytosis is seen in 20-40% of MCL cases [12]. The frequency of GI involvement in MCL has been previously underestimated, with previous reports citing 30% of MCL cases (by EGD and colonoscopy) [13]. But with more recent studies, GI tract infiltration has been shown in up to 92% of cases microscopically (from biopsies of lymphoid aggregates in normal and abnormal mucosae) [10].…”