Frequency of Fab Subtype and Linicohaematological Manifestation in Elderly Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients in Tertiary Care Hospitals Peshawar

Abstract

Aim And Objectives: AML is the most common acute leukemia affecting adults, its incidence increases with increasing age; the study aims to find out the clinical and haematological parameters of adult AML patients and the frequency of AML FAB subtype among these patients. Methods: This descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted in IRNUM; KTH and HMC tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar, 30 diagnosed AML patients of age ≥ 50 years were included in the study. The demographic details were recorded in a questionnaire, previous clinical record was obtained and the hematological findings at the diagnosis were recorded. Data was recorded in Microsoft Excel® (version 2013) data sheet, for further analysis the data was imported into Statistical Package for Social Sciences® (SPSS) version 22. Results: Overall 30 diagnosed denovo AML patients of age ≥50 years of age, included 19 male (63.3%) and 11 females (36.7%) patients were included in the study. The mean age of our study patients was 57.83 ± 5.26 years whereas the median was 59.5 years. The most common AML-FAB subtype found among study patients was AML-M2 found in 12 (40%) of patients followed by AML M4 9(30%), AML M1 6(20%) and AML M5 3(10%) in respective order. The mean hemoglobin level among the study patients was 72.10 g/L. Anaemia severity was significantly higher in AML-M2 subtype (z-score 2.0). The AML-subtypes have statistically similar pattern of WBC count (Fischer Exact P-value 0.681). Among the presenting clinical features in the study group fever, anaemia, bone pain and weakness is the most frequent presenting features in all the AML FAB subtypes. However gingivitis and hepatomegaly is the most common presenting feature in AML-M5 in the study group. Conclusion: AML M2 was the most frequent AML FAB subtype found in study patients with the male predominance M: F is (1.7:1). Anaemia, fever, weakness and bone pain was the most frequent presenting feature among the study group. Weight loss is most common ......