Consequently, unreplicated experiments are commonplace in early generation trials (Kempton and Gleeson, Early generation selection experiments typically involve several 1997; Martin, 2002). Because of the number of genohundred to thousands of lines. Various systematic and statistical techniques have been developed to increase effectiveness and efficiencies types included and large land area requirements, repliin such experiments, including the development and application of cated check variety plots are usually distributed over spatial statistical models. In this study, mixed model equations were the trial area as a method of local control, and the yields used to provide least squares means (LSMEANs) and best linear unof the check variety are used as a yard-stick against biased predictors (BLUPs) and compare selection effectiveness and which to assess the yield of each test plot (Kempton, efficiencies to observed (Y) and true values in simulated experiments 1984). Different systematic arrangements of check plots varying in size (10 ϫ 10, 20 ϫ 20 and 30 ϫ 30 grids), control plots have been used (Kempton, 1984; Besag and Kempton, densities (0, 5, 10, 20, and 50%), control plot arrangements (high, 1986; Cullis et al., 1989; Martin, 2002) to reduce the cost medium, and low A-optimality), and spatial range of influence (short of including too many checks in the experiment. Baker and long). Results were similar for all grid sizes. In experiments in which the simulated land areas were highly variable (short range), and McKenzie (1967), however, questioned the value none of the predictors, Y, LSMEAN, or BLUP, were very effective of systematically arranging control plots and concluded in identifying the true superior genotypes. When the simulated land