Frequency of anesthetic techniques used in preeclamptic patients undergoing cesarean section

Abstract

Introduction: Preeclampsia is a gestational complication characterized by high blood pressure and proteinuria. It is one of the main causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. During cesarean section, choosing the appropriate anesthetic technique is crucial to ensure the safety of the mother and fetus. However, there is a paucity of updated information on anesthetic techniques and their frequency in patients with preeclampsia undergoing cesarean section. Objective: Determine the frequency of anesthetic techniques used to carry out the cesarean section procedure in pre-eclampsia obstetric patients in HGZ 3 of the IMSS, Aguascalientes, during the period from January 2022 to December 2022. Methodology: A descriptive, retrospective study was carried out. , in a sample of 64 obstetric patients with a diagnosis of preeclampsia undergoing cesarean section at HGZ 3 IMSS, Aguascalientes, during the period January to December 2022, who met the selection criteria. Results: We analyzed 64 records of patients with a diagnosis of preeclampsia undergoing cesarean section in order to determine the frequency of anesthetic techniques used to perform a cesarean section in patients with the previously mentioned diagnosis. It was observed that the anesthetic techniques used were: 26 (40.62%) mixed neuraxial block, 30 (46.87%) subarachnoid blocks, 1 (1.56%) epidural block and 7 (10.93%) general anesthesia. Conclusion: The most used anesthetic technique was subarachnoid block followed by mixed neuraxial block, while general anesthetics were less common, however, more frequent than expected. There is no anesthesia protocol for the anesthetic management of pregnant patients with a diagnosis of preeclampsia who must undergo a Caesarean section.