Frequency Mixing Using Electromagnetically Induced Transparency in Cold Atoms

Braje, Danielle; Balić, Vlatko; Goda, S. N.; Yin, G. Y.; Harris, S. E.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.93.183601

Cited by 225 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Applications of closed-loop configurations to nonlinear optics have featured double-Λ systems where two stable or metastable states are -each-coupled to two common excited states. A rich variety of nonlinear optical phenomena has been predicted [11,13,14] and experimentally observed [2,5,6,15,16,17,18,19]. In [19], in particular, it has been shown experimentally that the properties of closed-loop configurations can be used to correlate electromagnetic fields with carrier frequency differences beyond the GHz regime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By comparing Eqs. (2) and (3), the amplitudes P ij can be expressed in terms of the elements of the atomic density matrix σ,…”

Section: A Equations For Field Propagationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A peculiarity of these media is the possibility to manipulate their internal and external degrees of freedom with a high degree of control. Recently the control of the internal dynamics in an atomic vapor by means of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) [1] was demonstrated for the generation of four-wave mixing dynamics [2] and of controlled quantum pulses of light [3,4]. Zeeman coherence has also been used to induce phase dependent amplification without inversion in Samarium vapors [5] and in HeNe mixtures [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase-dependent light propagation in atomic vapors

et al. 2007

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Light propagation in an atomic medium whose coupled energy levels form a ♦-configuration exhibits a critical dependence on the input conditions. Depending on the relative phase of the input light fields, the response of the medium can be dramatically modified and switch from opaque to semi-transparent. These different types of behaviour are caused by the formation of coherences due to interference in the atomic excitations. Alkali-earth atoms with zero nuclear spin are ideal candidates for observing these phenomena which could offer new perspectives in control techniques in quantum electronics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By comparing Eqs. (2) and (3), the amplitudes P ij can be expressed in terms of the elements of the atomic density matrix σ,…”

Section: A Equations For Field Propagationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase-dependent light propagation in atomic vapors

et al. 2007

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“…Laser driven atomic media are also known to exhibit significant nonlinear optical properties [10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear effects in pulse propagation through Doppler-broadened closed-loop atomic media

Fleischhaker

Evers

2008

Phys. Rev. A

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Nonlinear effects in pulse propagation through a medium consisting of four-level double-Λ-type systems are studied theoretically. We apply three continous-wave driving fields and a pulsed probe field such that they form a closed interaction loop. Due to the closed loop and the finite frequency width of the probe pulses the multiphoton resonance condition cannot be fulfilled, such that a time-dependent analysis is required. By identifying the different underlying physical processes we determine the parts of the solution relevant to calculate the linear and nonlinear response of the system. We find that the system can exhibit a strong intensity dependent refractive index with small absorption over a range of several natural linewidths. For a realistic example we include Doppler and pressure broadening and calculate the nonlinear selfphase modulation in a gas cell with Sodium vapor and Argon buffer gas. We find that a selfphase modulation of π is achieved after a propagation of few centimeters through the medium while the absorption in the corresponding spectral range is small.

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“…By making a transition between the two limiting cases, one can switch from the EIT regime to the absorption for the probe field propagation. Laser-driven atomic media, on the other hand, can be exploited to exhibit various nonlinear optical properties [15,16,18,20,24,26,28,31,[56][57][58]. A particular example is formation of optical solitons with applications for optical buffers, phase shifters [59], switches [60], routers, transmission lines [61], wavelength converters [62], optical gates [63] and others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetically induced transparency and nonlinear pulse propagation in a combined tripod and Λ atom-light coupling scheme

Hamedi

Ruseckas

Juzeliūnas

2017

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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Abstract. We consider propagation of a probe pulse in an atomic medium characterized by a combined tripod and Lambda (Λ) atom-light coupling scheme. The scheme involves three atomic ground states coupled to two excited states by five light fields. It is demonstrated that dark states can be formed for such an atomlight coupling. This is essential for formation of the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and slow light. In the limiting cases the scheme reduces to conventional Λ-or N -type atom-light couplings providing the EIT or absorption, respectively. Thus the atomic system can experience a transition from the EIT to the absorption by changing the amplitudes or phases of control lasers. Subsequently the scheme is employed to analyze the nonlinear pulse propagation using the coupled Maxwell-Bloch equations. It is shown that generation of stable slow light optical solitons is possible in such a five-level combined tripod and Λ atomic system.

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Frequency Mixing Using Electromagnetically Induced Transparency in Cold Atoms

Abstract: We report the first experimental demonstration of four-wave mixing using electromagnetically induced transparency in cold atoms. Backward-wave, phase-matched difference-frequency conversion is achieved at optical powers of a few nanowatts and at energies of less than a picojoule.

Cited by 225 publications

References 20 publications

Phase-dependent light propagation in atomic vapors

Phase-dependent light propagation in atomic vapors

Nonlinear effects in pulse propagation through Doppler-broadened closed-loop atomic media

Electromagnetically induced transparency and nonlinear pulse propagation in a combined tripod and Λ atom-light coupling scheme

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