1997
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.12.6468
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Frequency-domain techniques enhance optical mammography: Initial clinical results

Abstract: We present a novel approach to optical mammography and initial clinical results. We have designed and developed a frequency-domain (110-MHz) optical scanner that performs a transillumination raster scan of the female breast in approximately 3 min. The probing light is a dualwavelength (690 and 810 nm, 10-mW average power), 2-mmdiameter laser beam, and the detection optical fiber is 5 mm in diameter. The ac amplitude and phase data are processed with use of an algorithm that performs edge effect corrections, th… Show more

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Cited by 318 publications
(166 citation statements)
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“…Intra-and interobserver agreement were good to excellent, indicating a reproducible method. Our results are in agreement with previously published studies using different techniques [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Detection rates ranging from 0.04 to 1.00 were reported, irrespective of lesion classification (benign/malignant).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 83%
“…Intra-and interobserver agreement were good to excellent, indicating a reproducible method. Our results are in agreement with previously published studies using different techniques [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Detection rates ranging from 0.04 to 1.00 were reported, irrespective of lesion classification (benign/malignant).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 83%
“…"Optical mammography" is entering the translational stage of research, with several ongoing clinical trials to assess efficacy. 2 The point measurements reviewed in this paper are aimed at providing more detailed information about the tissue, but for one spot at a time. (The actual volume or depth interrogated depends on the details of the optical geometry and other factors specific to the measurement and tissue type.)…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As optical diagnostic methods become more clinically applicable, there is a growing need to identify and quantify sources of endogenous contrast in breast (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). This article presents the results of quantitative NIR spectroscopic studies in 28 subjects ranging in age from 18 to 64 years.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%