Frequency-domain spectral balance using the arithmetic operator method

Chang

Rhyne

1991

Frequency-domain nonlinear analysis techniques for the simulation of active microwave circuits solve the linear and nonlinear network equations entirely in the frequency-domain. By so doing, they avoid the aliasing problems inherent in piecewise harmonic balance approaches. Consequently, frequency-domain techniques have extremely wide dynamic range and easily accommodate high order multitone excitation. However, this is at the expense of requiring more restrictive nonlinear device models. There are a large number of frequency-domain nonlinear analysis techniques but all are based on functional expansions which enable the frequency components of the output spectrum to be calculated directly from the input spectrum. These techniques have been used to analyze many nonlinear circuits and are the only candidates for the hierarchical simulation of nonlinear microwave circuits. This paper first uses frequency-domain concepts to discuss nonlinear distortion phenomena, then, a review of the frequency-domain nonlinear analysis literature is made with the aim of presenting the major advances in these techniques.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computer‐aided analysis of nonlinear microwave circuits using frequency‐domain nonlinear analysis techniques: The state of the art

Chang

Rhyne

1991

“…and the equivalent circuit and the parameter values are given in ref. 76. One aspect we compare here is the simulation accuracy of each method as a function of the number of frequency components considered.…”

Section: Comparison Of Harmonic Balance Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second example is an analysis of the same amplifier having two-tone excitation [76]. One AC source is the local oscillator at 2.4 GHz with 0 dBm input power (corresponding to about 1 dB gain compression).…”

Section: Comparison Of Harmonic Balance Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear circuit analysis using the method of harmonic balance—a review of the art. II. Advanced concepts

Gilmore

1991

The harmonic balance method is a technique for the numerical solution of nonlinear analog circuits operating in a periodic, or quasi-periodic, steady-state regime. The method can be used to efficiently derive the continuous-wave response of numerous nonlinear microwave components including amplifiers, mixers, and oscillators. Its efficiency derives from imposing a predetermined steady-state form for the circuit response onto the nonlinear equations representing the network, and solving for the set of unknown coefficients in the response equation. Its attractiveness for nonlinear microwave applications results from its speed and ability to simply represent the dispersive, distributed elements that are common at high frequencies.The last decade has seen the development and application of harmonic balance techniques to model analog circuits, particularly microwave circuits. The first part of this article reviewed the fundamental achievements made during this time. In this part, the extension of the method to quasi-periodic regimes, optimization analysis, oscillator analysis, studies of various convergence strategies, and practical applications are discussed. A critical assessment of the various types of harmonic balance techniques is given. Examples of designs which have been modeled using the harmonic balance technique and built both in hybrid and MMIC form are presented.

“…Figure 7 gives the results of a two-tone test for the circuit using two equal-amplitude signals at input frequencies of 2.35 GHz and 2.4 GHz. The [20]. Note that a linear simulation would predict no power at 2.3 GHz.…”

Section: Volterra Nonlinear Transfer Function Model Of a Mesfetmentioning

confidence: 97%

The relationship between bivariate volterra analysis and power series analysis with application to the behavioral modeling of microwave circuits

Lunsford

1991

Volterra nonlinear transfer functions can be used in the behavioral modeling of many nonlinear microwave circuits. They can be developed experimentally, numerically, and, to a limited extent, analytically. This article presents an enhanced analytic method for developing bivariate Volterra nonlinear transfer functions based on their relationship to power series. The technique is applied to the Volterra-series-based behavioral modeling of a MESFET amplifier using experimental characterization of the MESFET.