Frequency‐dependent tolerance to aircraft disturbance drastically alters predicted impact on shorebirds
Henk‐Jan van der Kolk,
Cor J. Smit,
Andrew M. Allen
et al.
Abstract:Anthropogenic disturbance of wildlife is increasing globally. Generalizing impacts of disturbance to novel situations is challenging, as the tolerance of animals to human activities varies with disturbance frequency (e.g. due to habituation). Few studies have quantified frequency‐dependent tolerance, let alone determined how it affects predictions of disturbance impacts when these are extrapolated over large areas. In a comparative study across a gradient of air traffic intensities, we show that birds nearly a… Show more
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