Abstract:The frequency autocorrelation of zmplitude and phase scintillations of radio signals propagated over turbulent lineof-sight paths is calculated theoretically. The single scattering (Born) approximation to the electromagnetic response of the turbulent irregularities is used, limiting the results to small amplitude and phase variations. However, the results are valid for both Fresnel (near zone) and Fraunhofer (far zone) scattering. The calculations are made for an arbitrary model of the turbulent irregularities… Show more
“…2, 3, and 4 we have plotted three typical sets of curves for different values of q. The value E = 3.2 is representative of the lunar soil [6] in the frequency range of the Apollo 17 sounder, E = 6 corresponds to compact siliceous metamorphic rocks [7], [ 8 ] , and E = 8 is a realistic value for the compact unbreciated mafic and ultramafic igneous rocks.…”
Section: Approach Results and Interpretationmentioning
“…2, 3, and 4 we have plotted three typical sets of curves for different values of q. The value E = 3.2 is representative of the lunar soil [6] in the frequency range of the Apollo 17 sounder, E = 6 corresponds to compact siliceous metamorphic rocks [7], [ 8 ] , and E = 8 is a realistic value for the compact unbreciated mafic and ultramafic igneous rocks.…”
Section: Approach Results and Interpretationmentioning
Spherical wave weak-scattering propagation theory is employed to show that the resolution of multifrequency atmospheric probing techniques is limited to inhomogeneity scale sizes that are larger than a certain cutoff scale size lc. The magnitude of Io depends on the frequency separation and the path geometry. Inhomogeneities smaller than lo cannot be resolved and inevitably contribute to measurement errors. Propagation experiments performed at radio and acoustic wavelengths confirm the existence of the predicted cutoff and are in good agreement with the theory. An example is given to illustrate how this cutoff limits the ultimate accuracy of a radio-optical comparison measurement aimed at determining pathaveraged water vapor variations.
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