Frequency Control of Offshore Wind Farm With Diode-Rectifier-based HVdc Connection

Nami, Ashkan; Rodriguez-Amenedo, José Luis; Arnaltes, Santiago; Cardiel-Alvarez, Miguel Angel; Baraciarte, Roberto Alves

doi:10.1109/tec.2019.2949892

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The rest of the amplitude is calculated by the active power through (25) as a feedforward component. After the circulating current reference is generated, the control voltage Δu cir is generated through a proportional controller to make the actual circulating current follow the reference.…”

Section: Circulating Current Control Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

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Diode rectifier‐based hybrid high‐voltage direct current converter for offshore wind farms

Fang

Cai

Shi

et al. 2022

IET Renewable Power Gen

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This paper presents a diode rectifier (DR)‐based hybrid converter topology for high‐voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission system with offshore wind farms (OWFs). The hybrid converter consists of a DR and an auxiliary converter. A high conversion ratio ac/dc converter is designed as the auxiliary converter, which can form the offshore grid voltage for OWFs to achieve black‐start. Under steady state, all the active power output from OWFs is delivered through the DR. Meanwhile, the auxiliary converter is able to compensate the reactive power and harmonic currents of the system. Comparing with the conventional modular multilevel converter (MMC), the number of submodules (SM) of the proposed hybrid converter is significantly reduced, which decreases the construction cost and size of the system. The topology and operation principle of the hybrid HVDC converter are introduced. Then the corresponding control strategy is designed to achieve energy balance and power transmission. Based on the mathematic model, a design method for the parameters of the auxiliary converter is proposed. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed hybrid HVDC converter is verified by both the simulation and hardware‐in‐the‐loop experiment results.

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Section: Circulating Current Control Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using auxiliary equipment, for example, low-capacity voltage source converter (VSC), is also a choice to make up drawbacks of the DR-HVDC system [25][26][27]. In [25], VSC is connected to the ac side of DR station in parallel. The VSC can replace the passive filters to compensate reactive power and DR harmonic currents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diode rectifier‐based hybrid high‐voltage direct current converter for offshore wind farms

Fang

Cai

Shi

et al. 2022

IET Renewable Power Gen

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“…Thus, some researchers have proposed variants of architectures with independent, centralised voltage control facilities. One way to form an offshore AC grid is to add an auxiliary MMC (Aux-MMC) [31,32] or an auxiliary static synchronous compensator (Aux-STATCOM) [33], as demonstrated in Figure 11. A co-operation system using both DR-HVDC and HVAC ( Figure 12) is proposed in [34].…”

Section: Variants Of Dr Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Review on DC transmission systems for integrating large‐scale offshore wind farms

Song

et al. 2021

Energy Conversion and Econom

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The exploitation of offshore wind power has increased rapidly in recent years. To gain more wind power energy, offshore wind farms move farther from onshore. A comparison between HVAC and HVDC in terms of reliability, cost and transmission capability shows that HVDC is more suitable for long-distance, high-capacity bulk power transmission. However, the HVDC transmission for offshore wind power also faces great challenges because the offshore applications bring critical demands for low volume and low weight for the converters at the offshore side. On the other hand, the new topologies and conversion techniques of power electronic converters expedite many new DC transmission architectures for offshore wind power. Different HVDC architectures by using centralised voltage source converter (VSC), diode rectifier (DR), series-connected wind turbine converters and all-DC wind farm based on DC transformers are reviewed and compared. The advantages, challenges and development and application prospects for various DC transmission solutions are discussed.

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“…In [14], a two-level voltage source converter (VSC) is connected in series with the DR on DC side and controls the offshore AC voltage constant to transmit the generated wind power to onshore. The two-level VSC also compensates reactive power and suppresses harmonics generated by the DR. Reference [15] proposes to connect the cascaded H-bridge (CHB) converter with the DR on AC side, which only controls the frequency of the offshore AC network while the magnitude remains uncontrolled and is intrinsically clamped by the DR. Such control is different to the conventional control of static synchronous compensators (STATCOMs) where reactive power is generated through regulation of the AC voltage magnitude.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DR-HVDC systems in the aforementioned references are used for offshore wind energy transmission, where the offshore network is formed either by wind turbines [9][10][11][12][13] or by additional converters [14,15,18], and the AC voltage magnitude can be varied by the system. This paper aims to extend the DR concept to onshore application, where the AC voltage is independent of the transmission system, considering that the power flow of HVDC systems often has unidirectional characteristics when transmitting power from large power plants to load centers [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Unidirectional Hybrid HVDC Transmission System Based on Diode Rectifier and Full-Bridge MMC

2021

IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Power Electron.

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To reduce the cost of bulk power transmission using voltage source converter HVDC technology, a unidirectional hybrid converter is proposed, where a diode rectifier and a modular multilevel converter (MMC) based on full-bridge (FB) submodules are connected in series on DC side. The FB-MMC controls its DC voltage to regulate the transmitted power. The majority of the power transmission is via the diode rectifier considering its cost and efficiency superiority and only low power rating FB-MMC is required. A thyristor valve is equipped at the DC side of the FB-MMC to prevent potential overcharge of the FB submodules during DC faults. Compared to conventional MMCs, losses can potentially be reduced by around 20%. An active power controller is proposed to regulate the DC voltage of the FB-MMC so as to control the transmitted power. With the inverter station controlling its DC terminal voltage constant, the FB-MMC increases the output DC voltage to increase the transmitted power and, vice versa. To alleviate overvoltage of the HVDC link during AC grid faults of the inverter station, a dynamic DC voltage limiter is designed to actively reduce the DC output voltage of the FB-MMC. Simulation results confirm the proposed converter operation and control. Index Terms-active power control, diode rectifier HVDC (DR-HVDC), fault ride-through, HVDC transmission, full-bridge (FB) based modular multilevel converter (MMC).

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Frequency Control of Offshore Wind Farm With Diode-Rectifier-based HVdc Connection

Cited by 24 publications

References 28 publications

Diode rectifier‐based hybrid high‐voltage direct current converter for offshore wind farms

Diode rectifier‐based hybrid high‐voltage direct current converter for offshore wind farms

Review on DC transmission systems for integrating large‐scale offshore wind farms

A Unidirectional Hybrid HVDC Transmission System Based on Diode Rectifier and Full-Bridge MMC

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