Frequency Comb Generation via Cascaded Second-Order Nonlinearities in Microresonators

Szabados, Jan; Puzyrev, Danila N.; Minet, Yannick; Reis, Luis; Buse, K.; Villois, Alberto; Skryabin, Dmitry V.; Breunig, Ingo

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.124.203902

Cited by 85 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Wide bandwidth cascaded χ 2 ð Þ : χ 2 ð Þ nonlinearities for coherent light sources of OFC and SCG can be foreseen. The former has been studied in bulk LN microresonators [90]. By leveraging cascaded χ 2 ð Þ : χ 2 ð Þ nonlinearities and dispersion management, OFC and SCG at low input intensities can be achieved, which is inaccessible in conventional structures.…”

Section: Perspectives and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear wave mixing in lithium niobate thin film

Zheng

Chen

2021

Advances in Physics: X

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Lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI), by taking advantage of versatile properties of lithium niobate (LN) and a large refractive index contrast, provides an ideal on-chip platform for studying a broad range of optical effects as well as developing various superior photonic devices. It is a game-changer technology for traditional LN-based applications. Especially, with recent advances in the fabrication of high-quality micro-/nanostructures and devices on the LNOI platform, LN-based integrated photonics has been propelled to new heights. In this review, we summarize the latest research advances in lithium niobate thin film (LNTF), with a special focus on nonlinear wave mixing and their photonics applications. Different types of second-and third-order nonlinear processes in LNOI microand nano-structures are reviewed, including nonlinear frequency conversion, frequency comb generation and supercontinuum generation. Furthermore, perspectives for photonic integrated circuits (PICs) on the LNOI platform in nonlinear optics regime are predicted.

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Section: Perspectives and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear wave mixing in lithium niobate thin film

Zheng

Chen

2021

Advances in Physics: X

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“…Scaling the resonator to micrometric size may be beneficial for quadratic combs, allowing for a dramatic reduction of threshold power and a flexible management of the dispersion through a geometric design, allowing for a broader comb emission. As a matter of fact, direct generation of quadratic frequency combs has been very recently observed in chip-scale lithium niobate devices, such as periodically poled linear waveguide resonators [74,75], or exploiting naturally phase-matched SHG in whispering-gallery-mode resonators [76,77].…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Frequency Combs in Quadratically Nonlinear Resonators

et al. 2020

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Optical frequency combs are one of the most remarkable inventions in recent decades. Originally conceived as the spectral counterpart of the train of short pulses emitted by mode-locked lasers, frequency combs have also been subsequently generated in continuously pumped microresonators, through third-order parametric processes. Quite recently, direct generation of optical frequency combs has been demonstrated in continuous-wave laser-pumped optical resonators with a second-order nonlinear medium inside. Here, we present a concise introduction to such quadratic combs and the physical mechanism that underlies their formation. We mainly review our recent experimental and theoretical work on formation and dynamics of quadratic frequency combs. We experimentally demonstrated comb generation in two configurations: a cavity for second harmonic generation, where combs are generated both around the pump frequency and its second harmonic and a degenerate optical parametric oscillator, where combs are generated around the pump frequency and its subharmonic. The experiments have been supported by a thorough theoretical analysis, aimed at modelling the dynamics of quadratic combs, both in frequency and time domains, providing useful insights into the physics of this new class of optical frequency comb synthesizers. Quadratic combs establish a new class of efficient frequency comb synthesizers, with unique features, which could enable straightforward access to new spectral regions and stimulate novel applications.

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“…Microdisks of sizes ranging from several tens of micron to 3 mm have been demonstrated using our fabrication technique. The combination of UHQ factors, small mode volumes and flexible sizes in single microresonators is of vital importance to push forward the frontier of nonlinear optics such as optical parametric oscillation (OPO) [25,26], single photon nonlinearity [27], χ (2) frequency comb generation [28], quantum light sources [5,[29][30][31][32], and so on. For these applications, only weak pump light is often allowed, therefore the conversion efficiency is intrinsically low.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband highly efficient nonlinear optical processes in on-chip integrated lithium niobate microdisk resonators of Q-factor above 10⁸

et al. 2021

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Microresonators of ultrahigh quality (Q) factors represent a crucial type of photonic devices aiming at ultra-high spectral resolution, ultra-high sensitivity to the environmental perturbations, and efficient nonlinear wavelength conversions at low threshold pump powers. Lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) microdisks of high Q factors are particularly attractive due to its large second-order nonlinear coefficient and strong electro-optic property. In this Letter, we break through the long standing bottleneck in achieving the Q factors of LNOI micro-resonators beyond 108, which approaches the intrinsic material absorption limit of lithium niobate (LN). The ultra-high Q factors give rise to a rich family of nonlinear optical phenomena from optical parametric oscillation (OPO) to harmonics generation with unprecedented characteristics including ultra-low pump threshold, high wavelength conversion efficiency, and ultra-broad operation bandwidth. Specifically, the threshold of OPO is measured to be only 19.6 μW, and the absolute conversion efficiency observed in the second harmonic generation reaches 23%. The record-breaking performances of the on-chip ultra-high Q LNOI microresonators will have profound implication for both photonic research and industry.

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Frequency Comb Generation via Cascaded Second-Order Nonlinearities in Microresonators

Cited by 85 publications

References 47 publications

Nonlinear wave mixing in lithium niobate thin film

Nonlinear wave mixing in lithium niobate thin film

Optical Frequency Combs in Quadratically Nonlinear Resonators

Broadband highly efficient nonlinear optical processes in on-chip integrated lithium niobate microdisk resonators of Q-factor above 10⁸

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Frequency Comb Generation via Cascaded Second-Order Nonlinearities in Microresonators

Cited by 85 publications

References 47 publications

Nonlinear wave mixing in lithium niobate thin film

Nonlinear wave mixing in lithium niobate thin film

Optical Frequency Combs in Quadratically Nonlinear Resonators

Broadband highly efficient nonlinear optical processes in on-chip integrated lithium niobate microdisk resonators of Q-factor above 108

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Broadband highly efficient nonlinear optical processes in on-chip integrated lithium niobate microdisk resonators of Q-factor above 10⁸