Frequency-bin entanglement from domain-engineered down-conversion

Morrison, Christopher L.; Graffitti, Francesco; Barrow, Peter; Pickston, Alexander; Ho, Joseph; Fedrizzi, Alessandro

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2201.07259

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Therefore, the convergence shows the feasibility of our work, meanwhile, it shows that PSO is a versatile tool in the crystal structure design. In addition, we believe our method can be utilized for designing special non-linear crystals to generate exotic quantum states for quantum sensing and metrology [33,45,48,56]. We note that other optimization algorithms, such as simulated annealing or genetic algorithms, are also suitable for this kind of optimization problem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Noted that machine learning technology is developing in many fields, such as both classical device [39] and quantum ones [40,41]. The third one is to modulate the domain sequence using two-domain blocks [42] or one-domain blocks [43][44][45][46][47][48], and this method has also been optimized using a simulated annealing algorithm [49,50]. These methods are very effective but limited to the optimization of the KTP crystal.…”

Section: (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Optimized design of the lithium niobate for spectrally-pure-state generation at MIR wavelengths using metaheuristic algorithm

Cai,

Tian,

Wang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Quantum light sources in the mid-infrared (MIR) band play an important role in many applications, such as quantum sensing, quantum imaging, and quantum communication. However, there is still a lack of high-quality quantum light sources in the MIR band, such as the spectrally pure single-photon source. In this work, we present the generation of spectrally-pure state in an optimized poled lithium niobate crystal using a metaheuristic algorithm. In particular, we adopt the particle swarm optimization algorithm to optimize the duty cycle of the poling period of the lithium niobate crystal. With our approach, the spectral purity can be improved from 0.820 to 0.998 under the third group-velocity-matched condition, and the wavelength-tunable range is from 3.0 µm to 4.0 µm for the degenerate case and 3.0 µm to 3.7 µm for the nondegenerate case. Our work paves the way for developing quantum photonic technologies at the MIR wavelength band.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized design of the lithium niobate for spectrally-pure-state generation at MIR wavelengths using metaheuristic algorithm

Cai,

Tian,

Wang

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[38] Noted that machine learning technology is developing in many fields, such as both classical device [39] and quantum ones. [40,41] The third one is to modulate the domain sequence using two-domain blocks [42] or one-domain blocks, [43][44][45][46][47][48] and this method has also been optimized using a simulated annealing algorithm. [49,50] These methods are very effective but limited to the optimization of the KTP crystal.…”

Section: Figure 1amentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized Design of the Lithium Niobate for Spectrally‐Pure‐State Generation at MIR Wavelengths Using Metaheuristic Algorithm

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Quantum light sources in the mid‐infrared (MIR) band play an important role in many applications, such as quantum sensing, quantum imaging, and quantum communication. However, there is still a lack of high‐quality quantum light sources in the MIR band, such as the spectrally pure single‐photon source. In this work, the generation of a spectrally‐pure state in an optimized poled lithium niobate crystal using a metaheuristic algorithm is presented. In particular, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is adopted to optimize the duty cycle of the poling period of the lithium niobate crystal. With this approach, the spectral purity can be improved from 0.820 to 0.998 under the third group‐velocity‐matched condition, and the wavelength‐tunable range from 3.0 to 4.0 µm for the degenerate case and 3.0 to 3.7 µm for the nondegenerate case. This work paves the way for developing quantum photonic technologies at the MIR wavelength band.

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“…Moreover, as discovered by Ref. [170], SPDC spatial correlations also display three-dimensional spatial structure dependent on phase matching conditions, as could be tuned for example by custom poling of nonlinear crystals [204]. Lastly, we note that quantum-enabled plenoptic imaging has attracted considerable interest in recent years, which can also be facilitated by the real-time characterization of SPDC two-photon spatial correlations [205,206].…”

Section: Point-spread Function Imaging In Real-timementioning

confidence: 56%

Quantum-enhanced imaging with SPAD array cameras

Camphausen

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(English) Entangled photon pairs can enhance optical imaging capabilities. Phase imaging allows detecting fine detail of transparent samples without potentially invasive fluorescent labelling, and here entanglement enables a higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than possible with only classical light. Spatial correlations from spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) photon pair sources can also be used to increase spatial resolution and robustness to noise and aberrations in imperfect optical systems. Quantum imaging therefore represents a powerful approach to push imaging science beyond its current limits. Until recently, the principal barrier to implementing useful quantum imaging schemes based on entangled photons has been technological, as scalable image sensors capable of multi-photon imaging were unavailable. However, this situation has changed with the development of single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array cameras, as well as efficient high brightness entangled photon pair sources based on SPDC. These advances have led to the required components now approaching relative technological maturity, opening the window towards engineering useful and scalable systems that exploit entanglement in order to improve optical imaging. In this thesis, we show the development of a quantum imaging platform able to perform practical and fast spatially resolved multi-photon coincidence imaging with high SNR. Special focus is placed on wide-field entanglement-enhanced phase imaging capability, in order to extend experimental sensitivity beyond limits imposed by classical light. The main components of our platform are: sources of hyper-entangled photon pairs, a large field-of-view optical imaging system with phase measurement capabilities, and coincidence imaging using SPAD array cameras. More specifically, the thesis describes: •The first realization of a wide-field entanglement-enhanced phase imager. Wide-field here refers to the ability to acquire images across the entire field-of-view simultaneously (i.e. without need for pixel-to-pixel scanning, sometimes also called full-field). Quantum-enabled super-sensitivity in phase imaging beyond the capability of equivalent classical measurement is demonstrated by careful experimental noise and resource analysis methods. Our system’s capabilities were tested through several sample measurements corresponding to use cases with real-world relevance, including nanometre-scale feature step heights in transparent material, biomedical protein microarrays, as well as birefringent phase samples. •The development of general experimental and numerical tools to calculate photon pair coincidence images and videos from SPAD array cameras, with photon-counting and time-tagging readout modalities, as well as the retrieval of phase images resulting from multi-photon entanglement interference, by adapting techniques from interferometry and holography. We performed also a detailed study and optimization of the influence of different experimental parameters resulting image quality factors. •The evolution and optimization of our system towards real-time quantum imaging capability. Acquisition speed is a key element of usefulness, and in this thesis we integrate, first, a visible-wavelength entangled photon source, and second, a novel time-tagging SPAD array camera. The resulting entanglement-enabled imager presents an improvement by at least four orders of magnitude in measurement speed compared to previous state-of-the-art demonstrations, resulting in the ability to record ~Hz frame rate entangled photon pair coincidence videos. We show that this system, besides phase imaging, has additional applications in the form of real-time entangled state fidelity monitoring, and real-time point spread function characterization of optical systems, which has important applicability to adaptive optical imaging. (Español) Los pares de fotones entrelazados pueden mejorar la capacidad de obtención de imágenes. La formación de imágenes de fase permite detectar detalles de muestras transparentes con alta precisión y sin necesitar marcas fluorescentes potencialmente invasivas. Además, el entrelazamiento permite una mayor relación señal-ruido (SNR, por sus siglas en inglés) de la que es posible utilizando luz clásica. Las correlaciones espaciales de las fuentes de pares de fotones basadas en conversión paramétrica descendente espontánea (SPDC, por sus siglas en inglés) también pueden ser empleadas para aumentar la resolución espacial, y la robustez frente al ruido y a las aberraciones. Por tanto, las técnicas de captación de imagen cuántica son una potente estrategia para impulsar el campo de la ciencia de la fotografía especializada más allá de sus límites actuales. La mayor barrera en la implementación de esquemas de captación de imágenes cuánticas basadas en fotones entrelazados es principalmente tecnológica, al carecer de sensores de imagen escalables capaces de detectar imágenes multifotónicas. No obstante, el desarrollo de cámaras de matriz de fotodiodos de avalancha de fotón único (SPAD, por sus siglas en inglés), y de fuentes de pares de fotones entrelazados de alta eficiencia y brillo, basadas en SPDC, ha cambiado el panorama actual. Estos avances han permitido que los componentes necesarios alcancen una relativa madurez tecnológica, lo que abre una ventana de oportunidad para la ingeniería de sistemas útiles que aprovechan el entrelazamiento para mejorar la imagen óptica. En esta tesis, mostramos el desarrollo de una plataforma de captación de imágenes cuántica práctica y rápida, capaz de generar imágenes mediante el uso de coincidencias multifotónicas. Principalmente, nos centramos en la capacidad de formar imágenes de fase de campo amplio, mejoradas por entrelazamiento. Los componentes principales de nuestra plataforma son: fuentes de pares de fotones hiperentrelazados, un sistema óptico de imagen con un gran campo de visión y capacidad de medición de fase, y formación de imagen mediante la detección en coincidencias utilizando cámaras SPAD. Específicamente, la tesis describe: - La primera realización de un sistema de captación de imágenes de fase en configuración de campo amplio mejorado por entrelazamiento. Utilizando métodos de análisis del ruido y de los recursos, se logró demostrar la supersensibilidad en la medición de fase facilitada por iluminación con luz cuántica. Las capacidades de nuestro sistema se probaron con medidas correspondientes a ejemplos del mundo real, por ejemplo, midiendo microarreglos ultrafinos (grosor de nm) en materiales transparentes, muestras biomédicas de microarrays de proteínas, y de fase birrefringente. - El desarrollo de herramientas numéricas y experimentales generales para calcular imágenes y vídeos de coincidencias de pares de fotones con cámaras SPAD, con modos de lectura de conteo de fotones y etiquetado de tiempo. Además, se desarrolló la recuperación de imágenes de fase del entrelazamiento, adaptando técnicas de interferometría y holografía. Asimismo, se realizó un estudio detallado sobre la influencia de diferentes parámetros experimentales en los factores de calidad de imagen. La evolución y optimización de nuestro sistema hacia la formación de imágenes cuánticas en tiempo real. Se integró primero una fuente de fotones entrelazados de longitud de onda visible y, seguidamente, una nueva cámara SPAD con marcado temporal. El sistema resultante presenta una mejora de al menos cuatro órdenes de magnitud en la velocidad de medición en comparación con otras demostraciones. Esto confiere al sistema la capacidad de grabar vídeos de coincidencias de pares de fotones entrelazados con una tasa de fotogramas de Hz. Este sistema, además de medir la fase, tiene aplicaciones para monitorizar tanto la fidelidad de estados de entrelazamiento como la caracterización de la función de dispersión de punto.

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Frequency-bin entanglement from domain-engineered down-conversion

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Optimized design of the lithium niobate for spectrally-pure-state generation at MIR wavelengths using metaheuristic algorithm

Optimized design of the lithium niobate for spectrally-pure-state generation at MIR wavelengths using metaheuristic algorithm

Optimized Design of the Lithium Niobate for Spectrally‐Pure‐State Generation at MIR Wavelengths Using Metaheuristic Algorithm

Quantum-enhanced imaging with SPAD array cameras

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