Frequency and time transfer for metrology and beyond using telecommunication network fibres

Lopez, Olivier; Kéfélian, F.; Jiang, Haifeng; Haboucha, Adil; Bercy, A; Stefani, Fabio; Chanteau, Bruno; Kanj, Amale; Rovera, Daniele; Achkar, Joseph; Chardonnet, Christian; Pottie, Paul-Eric; Amy‐Klein, Anne; Santarelli, Giorgio

doi:10.1016/j.crhy.2015.04.005

Cited by 53 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Time and frequency transfer techniques previously developed for the distribution of highprecision signals over long distance optical fiber links [18][19][20][21][22][23] can also be applied to free-space transmission [16]. Two-way time and frequency transfer systems employing optical frequency combs at the transmit and receive ends have already demonstrated time and frequency transfer over horizontal links through up to 12 km of atmosphere [12][13][14] at levels of precision suitable for the synchronization and comparison of optical atomic clocks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilized Free-Space Optical Frequency Transfer

et al. 2018

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The transfer of high-precision optical frequency signals over free-space links, particularly between ground stations and satellites, will enable advances in fields ranging from coherent optical communications and satellite Doppler ranging to tests of General Relativity and fundamental physics. We present results for the actively stabilized coherent phase transfer of a 193 THz continuous wave optical frequency signal over horizontal free-space links 150 m and 600 m in length. Over the 600 m link we achieved a fractional frequency stability of 8.9×10 −18 at one second of integration time, improving to 1.3×10 −18 at an integration time of 64 s, suitable for transmission of optical atomic clock signals. The achievable transfer distance is limited by deep-fading of the transmitted signal due to atmospheric turbulence. We also estimate the expected additional degradation in stability performance for frequency transfer to Low Earth Orbit.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilized Free-Space Optical Frequency Transfer

et al. 2018

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“…Over continental distances, they surpass satellite-based methods by 3 to 4 orders of magnitude. Besides frequency transfer using a coherent optical carrier, time transfer using optical fibers is actively developed with, here also, the promise to surpass existing methods by orders of magnitude (see, for instance [145] [146][147] [148]). Relativistic effects in optical fiber links are studied from a theoretical standpoint in [149].…”

Section: A New Generation Of Optical Atomic Frequency Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The unit of time: Present and future directions

Bize

2019

Comptes Rendus. Physique

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Some 50 years ago, physicists, and after them the entire world, started to found their time reference on atomic properties instead of motions of the Earth that have been in use since the origin. Far from being an arrival point, this decision marked the beginning of an adventure characterized by a 6 orders of magnitude improvement in the uncertainty of realization of atomic frequency and time references. Ever progressing atomic frequency standards and time references derived from them are key resources for science and for society. We will describe how the unit of time is realized with a fractional accuracy approaching 10 −16 and how it is delivered to users via the elaboration of the international atomic time. We will describe the tremendous progress of optical frequency metrology over the last 20 years which led to a novel generation of optical frequency standards with fractional uncertainties of 10 −18 . We will describe work toward a possible redefinition of the SI second based on such standards. We will describe existing and emerging applications of atomic frequency standards in science.

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“…Using these as frequency references provides the state-of-the-art stabilities and accuracies, but those references have to be made available to remote user laboratories and some spectral transfer from the NIR to the MIR is needed. The former is achieved by using an optical fiber link dedicated to the dissemination of ultra-stable frequency references [24] while an optical frequency comb (OFC) can bridge the gap between the NIR and any region of the MIR. First demonstrations of the stabilization of a QCL on a remote NIR frequency reference have been recently reported [25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-precision methanol spectroscopy with a widely tunable SI-traceable frequency-comb-based mid-infrared QCL

Santagata¹,

Tran²,

Argence³

et al. 2019

Optica

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There is an increasing demand for precise molecular spectroscopy, in particular in the mid-infrared fingerprint window that hosts a considerable number of vibrational signatures, whether it be for modeling our atmosphere, interpreting astrophysical spectra or testing fundamental physics. We present a high-resolution mid-infrared spectrometer traceable to primary frequency standards. It combines a widely tunable ultra-narrow Quantum Cascade Laser (QCL), an optical frequency comb and a compact multipass cell. The QCL frequency is stabilized onto a comb controlled with a remote near-infrared ultra-stable laser, transferred through a fiber link. The resulting QCL frequency stability is below 10 -15 from 0.1 to 10s and its frequency uncertainty of 4×10 -14 is given by the remote frequency standards. Continuous tuning over ~400 MHz is reported. We use the apparatus to perform saturated absorption spectroscopy of methanol in the low-pressure multipass cell and demonstrate a statistical uncertainty at the kHz level on transition center frequencies, confirming its potential for driving the next generation technology required for precise spectroscopic measurements.

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Frequency and time transfer for metrology and beyond using telecommunication network fibres

Cited by 53 publications

References 68 publications

Stabilized Free-Space Optical Frequency Transfer

Stabilized Free-Space Optical Frequency Transfer

The unit of time: Present and future directions

High-precision methanol spectroscopy with a widely tunable SI-traceable frequency-comb-based mid-infrared QCL

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