Frequency and Risk Factors for Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Presenting in a Tertiary Care Hospital Karachi, Pakistan

Tariq, Amera; Malik, Manahil Tariq; Tariq, Humaira; Khattak, Samina Naseem; Yazdani, Tehreem; Malik, Rameen Tariq; Rauf, Shahzad; Tariq, Muhammad

doi:10.26502/ogr068

Cited by 2 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The prevalence of depression ranged from 16% to 55.6% (mean 31%). The lowest and highest depression prevalence scores were observed in South Asia, i.e., India [19] and Pakistan [20]. The prevalence of depression in selected studies is presented in Table 3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, indicators of depression and anxiety in women with PCOS are well documented in the literature [14][15][16][17][18]. The prevalence of depression in women with PCOS is high and ranges from 16% to 55% [19,20]. The most frequently observed signs and symptoms of depression in women with PCOS are fatigue, sleep disorders and low mood [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research results on the causes of higher prevalence of depression in women with PCOS are ambiguous. Depressive disorders may result from the aggravating symptoms of PCOS, hormonal changes or a combination of the two factors [20]. A higher level of depression was found in women with infertility [15,16,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depressive disorders may result from the aggravating symptoms of PCOS, hormonal changes or a combination of the two factors [20]. A higher level of depression was found in women with infertility [15,16,20]. Numerous studies depicted that the level of depression was related to obesity and dissatisfaction with the appearance of their body [29,33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Depression in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Dybciak,

Raczkiewicz,

Humeniuk

et al. 2023

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder with a broad spectrum of clinical symptoms. Some of the serious complications of PCOS are mental disorders including depression. Therefore, the aim of the meta-analysis was to determine the prevalence, mean level, standardized mean difference and probability of depression based on the research conducted with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). A systematic literature search was performed using the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov and Google for research published until January 2023. The meta-analysis was conducted on a group of 4002 patients obtained from 19 studies, which met the inclusion criteria (adult pre-menopausal women diagnosed with PCOS, papers on the prevalence of depression or the HADS scoring). According to the research performed, the mean prevalence of depression was 31% (I2 = 93%; p < 0.001), whereas the mean HADS depression score in patients with PCOS was 6.31 (I2 = 93%; p < 0.001). The standardized difference of mean depression scores was SMD = 0.421 (95% confidence interval = 0.17–0.68, I2 = 67%). The overall probability of depression in PCOS patients was more than 2.5-fold higher than in healthy women ((RR: 2.58), confidence interval [1.38–4.85]; I2 = 90%, p < 0.001). The research results imply an increased risk of depressive symptoms in women with PCOS.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Depression in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Dybciak,

Raczkiewicz,

Humeniuk

et al. 2023

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, there is marked variation in the prevalence trends among various studies. A study from Karachi reported depression in 28.1% and an alarmingly high prevalence of anxiety of 85.9% [ 20 ]. In a study from Multan, depression and anxiety were reported in 56.9% and 61.8% of the cases, respectively [ 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression Among Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study From a Tertiary Care Hospital of Islamabad, Pakistan

Rizwan Khan,

Abdullah,

Gul

et al. 2024

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Depression and anxiety are common psychological conditions associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). It is important to understand the role of various demographic and socio-economic factors that contribute to the development of these psychological conditions. Objectives The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression in women with PCOS and to find the association of various demographic and socio-economic factors with anxiety and depression. Methods This was a single-center cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Islamabad, Pakistan, from May 2021 to August 2022. All female patients, aged 18 to 40 years and diagnosed with PCOS, who presented to the department of Gynecology during the study period were eligible to be enrolled in the study. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS) was used to determine the level of anxiety and depression in the participants. HADS comprises 14 items scored on a Likert scale ranging from 0 to 3. Seven items correspond to depression and anxiety each. The scores range from 0 to 21 for both domains. A score of 7 or less was considered normal, 8-10 as borderline, and 11 or above as abnormal for both anxiety and depression. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Results A total of 74 patients with PCOS were included in the study. The mean age of all the participants was 26.8 ± 5.2 and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 28.7 ± 5.4. The presence of PCOS-related symptoms was observed in all 74 cases. Menstrual cycle abnormalities were the most common symptom, which was present in 57 (77.0%) cases, followed by weight gain, which was present in 50 (67.6%) cases, and hirsutism, which was present in 41 (55.4%) cases. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension were present only in three (4.1%) and two (2.7%) cases, respectively, and positive family history of depression and/or anxiety was reported by 20 (27%) cases. The mean HAD score was 7 ± 3.8 for depression and 8 ± 3.7 for anxiety. Depression was diagnosed in 13 (17.6%) cases, and anxiety was diagnosed in 15 (20.3%) cases. Depression was found to be significantly associated with BMI (p = 0.015), level of education (p = 0.033), and monthly household income (p = 0.004). Anxiety was found to be associated with employment status (p = 0.009) and current pregnancy (p = 0.007). Rest of the factors such as age, marital status, ethnicity, menstrual irregularities, comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension, and a family history of PCOS, anxiety, or depression did not show statistically significant association with either anxiety or depression (p < 0.05). Conclusion Anxiety and depression are common in patients with PCOS. These psychological conditions are associated with various demographic and socio-economic factors such as BMI, level of education, monthly household income, employment status, and ...

show abstract

Frequency and Risk Factors for Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Presenting in a Tertiary Care Hospital Karachi, Pakistan

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Depression in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Depression in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression Among Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study From a Tertiary Care Hospital of Islamabad, Pakistan

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About