Frequency and predictability effects on event-related potentials during reading

Dambacher, Michael; Kliegl, Reinhold; Hofmann, Markus; Jacobs, Arthur

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.02.010

Cited by 253 publications

(307 citation statements)

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“…This finding adds further support to the claim that phonological activation occurs early enough to affect lexical access. Indeed, Hauk and Pulvermüller (2004) also reported word frequency effects in a very similar time window between 150 and 200 ms (see also Assadollahi and Pulvermüller, 2001;Sereno, Brewer, O'Donnell, 2003;Dambacher et al, 2006, but see Polich and Donchin, 1988;Van Petten and Kutas, 1990;Rugg, 1990;Pulvermüller et al, 2001 for later effects of word frequency). Finally, Hauk et al (2006a) reported lexical and semantic processing as early as 160 ms employing linear regression analysis on neurophysiological data from a visual lexical decision task.…”

Section: Early Phonological Activation In Visual Word Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…There is evidence for very early lexical processing at around 100 ms after stimulus presentation (e.g., Pulvermüller et al, 2001;Sereno et al, 1998;, although most studies locate lexical access later at around 250 ms (e.g., Cohen, et al, 2000;Grainger et al, 2006;Nobre et al, 1994). The earliest effects of word frequency were found at around 130 ms (e.g., Assadollahi and Pulvermüller, 2001;Sereno et al, 1998Sereno et al, , 2003Dambacher et al, 2006), but the majority of studies locate it later, at around 300 ms (e.g., Polich and Donchin, 1988;Van Petten and Kutas, 1990).…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pseudohomophone effects provide evidence of early lexico‐phonological processing in visual word recognition

Braun¹,

Hutzler²,

Ziegler³

et al. 2008

Human Brain Mapping

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Previous research using event-related brain potentials (ERPs) suggested that phonological processing in visual word recognition occurs rather late, typically after semantic or syntactic processing. Here we show that phonological activation in visual word recognition can be observed much earlier. Using a lexical decision task, we show that ERPs to pseudohomophones (e.g., ROZE) differed from well matched spelling controls (e.g., ROFE) as early as 150 ms (P150) after stimulus onset. The pseudohomophone effect occurred as early as the word frequency effect suggesting that phonological activation occurs early enough to influence lexical access. Low-resolution electromagnetic tomography analysis (LORETA) revealed that left temporo-parietal and right fronto-temporal areas are the likely brain regions associated with the processing of phonological information at the lexical level. Altogether, the results show that phonological processes are activated early in visual word recognition and play an important role in lexical access.

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Section: Early Phonological Activation In Visual Word Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudohomophone effects provide evidence of early lexico‐phonological processing in visual word recognition

Braun¹,

Hutzler²,

Ziegler³

et al. 2008

Human Brain Mapping

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“…Sereno, Rayner and Posner (1998) reported a larger N1 with a concurrent left anterior positivity for low frequency (LF) than for high frequency (HF) words 132-192 ms after the stimulus onset. More negative amplitudes for LF than for HF words were observed by Proverbio, Vecchi and Zani (2004) at 150-190 ms, and at 140-200 ms by Dambacher, Kliegl, Hofmann and Jacobs (2006). King and Kutas (1998) observed what they refer to as "frequency sensitive negativity" (FSN), which has a left frontal topography and peaks at ~280 ms for HF and ~335 ms for LF words.…”

Section: The Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A change of task prolongs early processes: Evidence from ERPs in lexical tasks.

Elchlepp¹,

Lavric²,

Monsell³

2015

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

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Switching tasks costs time. Allowing time to prepare reduces the cost, but usually leaves an irreducible "residual cost". Most accounts of this residual cost locate it within the responseselection stage of processing. To determine which processing stage is affected, we measured event-related potentials (ERPs) as participants performed a reading or a perceptual judgment task and examined the effect of a task-switch on early markers of lexical processing. A task cue preceding a string of blue and red letters instructed the participant either to read the letter string (for a semantic classification in Experiment 1, a lexical decision in Experiment 2), or to judge the symmetry of its color pattern. In Experiment 1, having to switch to the reading task delayed the evolution of the effect of word frequency on the reading task ERP by a substantial fraction of the effect on RT. In Experiment 2, a task switch delayed the onset of the effect of lexical status on the ERP to about the same extent that it prolonged the RT. These effects indicate an early locus of (most of) the residual switch cost: we propose that this reflects a form of task-related attentional inertia. Other findings have implications for the automaticity of lexical access: effects of frequency, lexicality and orthographic familiarity on ERPs in the symmetry task indicated involuntary but attenuated orthographic and lexical processing even when attention was focused on a non-lexical property. 3It is generally harder to switch among several cognitive tasks than to continue to perform just one. A popular way to capture at least part of this multitasking overhead in the laboratory is to conduct a reaction time (RT) experiment in which, on each of a series of trials, a stimulus is presented, and the participant must perform one of several possible tasks. On some trials the task changes, on others it does not, other things being equal. Several such "task-switching" paradigms have been developed and extensively explored over the last two decades. (For reviews see Kiesel, Steinhauser, Wendt, Falkenstein, Jost, Philipp, & Koch, 2010;Monsell, 2003;Vandierendonck, Liefooghe, & Verbruggen, 2010). The most obvious phenomenon they reveal is the substantial cost to performance of a switch of task: the average RT for a correct response is longer (and there are usually more errors) when the task changes than when it does not.The opportunity to prepare for a task before presentation of the stimulus generally reduces this switch cost, but does not eliminate it (Meiran, 1996;Rogers & Monsell, 1995). To manipulate preparation time unconfounded by the time elapsing since the previous performance of a task, task-cuing can be used (Meiran, 1996): each stimulus follows the previous response by a standard interval, and a task cue precedes the stimulus by an interval which is independently manipulated to vary preparation time. As the cue-stimulus interval (CSI) is increased from zero, the RT switch cost reduces to an asymptotic residual cost, usually reached at a CSI of bet...

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“…Several ERP studies documented differential activation for low and high frequency words within the first 200 ms after presentation, suggesting that lexical processing relies indeed on the rapid bottom-up flow of visual properties (Braun, Hutzler, Ziegler, Dambacher, & Jacobs, 2009;Dambacher, Kliegl, Hofmann, & Jacobs, 2006;Hauk, Davis, Ford, Pulvermüller, & MarslenWilson, 2006;Hauk & Pulvermüller, 2004;Penolazzi, Hauk, & Pulvermüller, 2007;Sereno, Brewer, & O'Donnell, 2003;Sereno, Rayner, & Posner, 1998). …”

Section: The Role Of Presentation Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulus onset asynchrony and the timeline of word recognition: Event-related potentials during sentence reading

et al. 2012

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Article in press in Neuropsychologia [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.04.011] Please note that this unproofed preprint may be subject to minor changes. [May 5, 2012] SOA and the Timeline of Word Recognition 2 AbstractThree ERP experiments examined the effect of word presentation rate (i.e., stimulus onset asynchrony, SOA) on the time course of word frequency and predictability effects in sentence reading. In Experiments 1 and 2, sentences were presented word-by-word in the screen center at an SOA of 700 and 490 ms, respectively. While these rates are typical for psycholinguistic ERP research, natural reading happens at a considerably faster pace. Accordingly, Experiment 3 employed a near-normal SOA of 280 ms, which approximated the rate of normal reading. Main results can be summarized as follows: (1) The onset latency of early frequency effects decreases gradually with increasing presentation rates. (2) An early interaction between top-down and bottom-up processing is observed only under a nearnormal SOA. (3) N400 predictability effects occur later and are smaller at a near-normal (i.e., high) presentation rate than at the lower rates commonly used in ERP experiments. (4) ERP morphology is different at the shortest compared to longer SOAs. Together, the results point to a special role of a near-normal presentation rate for visual word recognition and therefore suggest that SOA should be taken into account in research of natural reading.

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Frequency and predictability effects on event-related potentials during reading

Cited by 253 publications

References 55 publications

Pseudohomophone effects provide evidence of early lexico‐phonological processing in visual word recognition

Pseudohomophone effects provide evidence of early lexico‐phonological processing in visual word recognition

A change of task prolongs early processes: Evidence from ERPs in lexical tasks.

Stimulus onset asynchrony and the timeline of word recognition: Event-related potentials during sentence reading

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