Frequency and magnitude of runoff events in the and Negev of Israel

Meirovich, Lev; Ben‐Zvi, Arie; Shentsis, Isabela; Yanovich, Elena

doi:10.1016/s0022-1694(98)00135-8

Cited by 53 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It is interesting to put this enhancement in relation to the envelope curve of the region. It can be shown that the obtained peak discharge falls inside the envelope curves for the Negev area (Meirovich et al, 1998) and that the maximum flood for watersheds of the same area as the Beqa watershed can produce a runoff peak of up to about 700 m 3 /s. This implies that the model does not overestimate runoff and, although the highest peak measured in the Beqa watershed was 240 m 3 /s (December, 1951), much higher discharges are possible in this watershed.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Hydrologic response of a semi-arid watershed to spatial and temporal characteristics of convective rain cells

Yakir

Morin

2011

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Rain can be measured and represented in many ways such as point data from rain gauges, grid data from meteorological radar, or interpolated data. In this paper we represent rain fields by implementing a rain cell model of convective rain cells. The rain fields are used as an input to a hydrological model to test the watershed response to spatial and temporal characteristics of the rain cells. As a case study we tested an extreme storm event over a semi-arid watershed in southern Israel. The rain cell model was found to simulate the rain storm adequately. The use of these modeled cells allowed us to test the sensitivity of the watershed hydrological response to rain cell characteristics and it was found that the watershed is mainly sensitive to the starting location of the rain cell. Relatively small changes in the rain cell's location, speed and direction may increase watershed peak discharge by three-fold.

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Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Hydrologic response of a semi-arid watershed to spatial and temporal characteristics of convective rain cells

Yakir

Morin

2011

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Runoff events in small catchments can be generated from 5 mm of rainfall. In larger catchments, runoff generally results from rainfall of at least 10-20 mm (Meirovich et al, 1998). The channel beds tend to be gravelly, and transmission losses control the hydrology (Shentsis et al, 1997).…”

Section: Hydrological and Climatological Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Geographic map of the study area 25 mm at its southern tip. The potential evaporation exceeds 2000 mm year −1 over the entire region, resulting in an extremely arid environment (Meirovich et al, 1998). The rainy season is between October and May, though rain episodes may occur in September or June.…”

Section: Hydrological and Climatological Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synoptic climatology of major floods in the Negev Desert, Israel

Kahana

Ziv

Enzel

et al. 2002

Intl Journal of Climatology

296

288

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This study examines the extent to which the floods in the Negev Desert, an area that constitutes the southern half of Israel, are not the outcome of purely local weather conditions but are, rather, the result of distinct synoptic-scale events. This was done through compiling and analysing a hydro-climatological database of all the major floods in the Negev, and then categorizing them manually into synoptic types that cause the major floods.The type analysis is based on the US National Meteorological Center data sets with 2.5°× 2.5°resolution analysed by GrADS. Data were compiled and studied for 52 floods for the period 1965-94, with peak discharge above the magnitude of 5 year recurrence intervals (RI > 5 years) in at least one drainage basin.Distinct extreme synoptic patterns are indeed associated with 42 of the 52 floods. They were grouped into four synoptic types, two of which were associated with 37 events: (a) an active Red Sea trough, defined as a surface trough extending from East Africa through the Red Sea toward the eastern Mediterranean, accompanied by a pronounced trough at the 500 hPa level over eastern Egypt: (b) a Syrian low, defined as a well-developed Mediterranean cyclone accompanied by a pronounced upper-level trough, both located over Syria. Each of the four synoptic types has its own evolution course, and a unique seasonal and spatial distribution of its associated flooded basins.These findings imply that the major floods in the Negev can be considered as signatures of exceptional synoptic-scale evolutions, and that major floods reflect extreme climatic events. Our results indicate that it is possible to use a set of dynamic and thermodynamic variables for predicting the occurrence and location of major flash floods.

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“…Rainfall and runoff processes in such streams have been studied in arid, semiarid and Mediter-Ž ranean zones Osborn and Lane, 1969;Karst, 1960;Rodier, 1981;De Vera, 1984;Schick, 1988;Sorriso-Valvo et al, 1995;Reid and Frostick, 1997;Martınez-Mena et al, . 1998;Meirovich et al, 1998;Shentsis et al, 1999;Lange et al, 1999;etc. . In the region of Valencia, rambla or barranc refers to ephemeral gravel-bed streams, Ž hydrologically dependent on rainfall.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood events in Mediterranean ephemeral streams (ramblas) in Valencia region, Spain

Belmonte

Beltrán

2001

CATENA

142

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This article deals with flood events in Mediterranean ephemeral streams typical of the Valencia Ž region. The combination of the basin physical characteristics steep slopes, sparse vegetation, thin . soils and permeable rock and intense, heavy and irregularly distributed rain, generates flash floods. Runoff generation is sudden, giving rise to flash floods with sharp, narrow hydrographs with short time lags. The high amount of runoff is, nevertheless, only a small fraction of the total rainfall, since the characteristics of the river basins are such that infiltration of large amounts of water occurs. Using daily hydrological data from the Rambla de la Viuda basin and 5-min data from both the Barranc del Carraixet and the Rambla de Poyo basins, the rainfall-runoff processes have been analysed during flood events in these ephemeral streams. q

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Frequency and magnitude of runoff events in the and Negev of Israel

Cited by 53 publications

References 14 publications

Hydrologic response of a semi-arid watershed to spatial and temporal characteristics of convective rain cells

Hydrologic response of a semi-arid watershed to spatial and temporal characteristics of convective rain cells

Synoptic climatology of major floods in the Negev Desert, Israel

Flood events in Mediterranean ephemeral streams (ramblas) in Valencia region, Spain

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