French colonial archaeology at old mobile: An introduction

Waselkov, Gregory A.

doi:10.1007/bf03374334

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Archaeological investigations have been conducted on North American mercantile outposts established by British, French, Russian, and American fur trade companies that contained a few European or American managers, but also labor consortiums that might include, depending on the location, workers recruited from Eastern and Southeastern North American tribes, Métis, Pacific Islanders, Native Alaskans, and local native peoples (28)(29)(30)(31)(32). Another significant body of literature exists for British, French, and American plantations in the American South and Caribbean Islands that were comprised of colonial planters and various combinations of indentured servants, indigenous workers, and African slaves (33)(34)(35)(36).…”

Section: Archaeological Investigations Of Pluralismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of change in multiethnic societies: An archaeological perspective from colonial North America

Lightfoot

2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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This Perspective presents an overview of the archaeology of pluralistic colonies (approximately late 1500s-1800s) in North America. It complements the other special feature papers in this issue on ancient societies in Mesoamerica, the Near East, the Armenian Highlands, Peru, and China by presenting another body of literature for examining the dynamics of change in multiethnic societies from a different time and place. In synthesizing archaeological investigations of mercantile, plantation, and missionary colonies, this Perspective shows how this research is relevant to the study of pluralism in both historic and ancient societies in three ways. (i) It enhances our understanding of interethnic relationships that took place in complex societies with imposing political hierarchies and labor structures. (ii) It helps us to refine the methods used by archaeologists to define and analyze multiethnic communities that were spatially delimited by ethnic neighborhoods. Finally, (iii) it presents more than a half century of experimentation with various models (e.g., acculturation, creolization, ethnogenesis, and hybridity) that have been used to study the dynamics of culture change in multiethnic societies.European colonies | indigenous peoples | enslaved laborers | colonial hierarchies | ethnic neighborhoodsAn important issue in the study of the dynamics of change in multiethnic societies is understanding how pluralism may have created new forms of social relationships, cultural practices, and sociopolitical organizations over time. Archaeologists have long been interested in documenting ancient places where large, pluralistic populations resided. There is growing interest in the investigation of culture contact, pluralism, and social dynamics in ancient cultures using crosscultural, comparative analyses (1-3). The comparative study of social formations in complex societies is particularly timely for the field of archaeology (4, 5). That is why the papers in this PNAS Special Feature are so important: they make a significant contribution in broadening our perspective and understanding about the social dynamics of complex, multiethnic polities in Mesoamerica, the Near East, the Armenian Highlands, Peru, and China.The purpose of this Perspective is to place the PNAS papers into the broader archaeological literature on pluralistic places. It is important to recognize that an extensive body of research exists for the study of multiethnic communities. Since the 1960s historical archaeologists have used a diverse range of datasets, including archaeological materials, archival documents, ethnographic accounts, and oral traditions to examine interethnic interactions in colonial settings. I begin by presenting a brief overview on the archaeology of colonialism in North America that has focused on settler, managerial, and missionary colonies. I then outline how this research may be relevant for scholars working elsewhere in the world who are examining the dynamics of change in multiethnic societies characterized by notable politica...

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Section: Archaeological Investigations Of Pluralismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of change in multiethnic societies: An archaeological perspective from colonial North America

Lightfoot

2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…De Pauger also wrote letters about the convent, and a 1726 letter mentions the large garden and the apothecary (Douglas 1996:88). A famous drawing by Jean-Franc ¸ois Benjamin Dumont de Montigny of his house and garden (Figure 1), dated to around 1730, depicts not only one large garden with multiple quadrants and a central feature, but also a smaller garden (Douglas 2011:104;Waselkov 2005). Douglas (1996:88) notes that Antoine-Simon Le Page du Pratz, known for his Histoire de la Louisiane (1758) mentioned numerous crops and other plants in his writings, which date between 1718 and 1734, including peach, apple, and olive trees; shrubs such as yaupon and palmetto; and creeping plants such as ferns and ground ivy.…”

Section: The Gardens Of New Orleansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to consider the limitations of these documents, in particular the maps of the time, which may have been embellished or may not represent the actual layout of the city (Dawdy 2008;Douglas 1996;Waselkov 2005). While some gardens continued to exist over time, others (namely those in drawings by Thierry dated to 1755) were ''probably cartographical conceits'' (Douglas 2001:1), depicted in that manner to make the city appear more civilized (Dawdy 2008).…”

Section: The Gardens Of New Orleansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strolling Through Madame Mandeville's Garden: The Real and Imagined Landscape of Eighteenth Century New Orleans, Louisiana

Cagnato

Fritz²,

Dawdy³

2015

Journal of Ethnobiology

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Gardens can be seen as an avenue of inquiry for understanding the creation and negotiation of social identity. New Orleans is well known for its beautiful gardens, which date as far back as the French colonial period. Excavations at the Rising Sun Hotel site in New Orleans have revealed unique garden contexts from the French and Spanish colonial periods (1722–1796). In this paper, we present the results of the paleoethnobotanical study of samples collected from this unique context, comparing the French and Spanish colonial gardens to each other, and to other known colonial gardens. The results provide a general reflection of the types of plants present or near the gardens, and indicate broader ecological conditions of the natural environment surrounding the city of New Orleans during the early to late eighteenth century. The early colonists lived in a fertile and disturbed landscape, one that likely encroached upon the formal gardens and spaces created by the colonists. Thus, although gardening was an important ambition in the French colonial period, the maintenance of gardens was a significant challenge and their aesthetics were not as orderly as depicted on maps of the time.

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