Freezing Tolerance and Solute Changes in Contrasting Genotypes of Lolium perenne L. Acclimated to Cold and Drought

Thomas, Hugh; James, A.R.

doi:10.1006/anbo.1993.1105

Cited by 59 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Although much experimental data support the idea that concentrations of osmotically active solutes such as sugars provide cryoprotection (Sakai & Larcher, 1987), contradictory evidence also exists (Thomas & James, 1993). By contrast with our expectations, in the more frost-sensitive genotypes (M.igiganteus and M. sacchariflorus) contents of osmotically active solutes in the rhizome sap (lower osmotic potentials) were higher than in the more frost-hardy M. sinensis hybrid genotypes (Fig.…”

Section: Physiological Mechanism Of Protection Against Frost Damagecontrasting

confidence: 87%

Overwintering problems of newly established Miscanthus plantations can be overcome by identifying genotypes with improved rhizome cold tolerance

2000

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Miscanthus, a perennial rhizomatous C % grass, is a potential biomass crop in Europe, mainly because of its high yield potential and low demand for inputs. However, until recently only a single clone, M.igiganteus, was available for the extensive field trials performed across Europe and this showed poor overwintering in the first year after planting at some locations in Northern Europe. Therefore, field trials with five Miscanthus genotypes, including two acquisitions of Miscanthusigiganteus, one of M. sacchariflorus and two hybrids of M. sinensis were planted in early summer 1997 at four sites, in Sweden, Denmark, England and Germany. The field trials showed that better overwintering of newly established plants at a site was not apparently connected with size or early senescence. An artificial freezing test with rhizomes removed from the field in January 1998 showed that the lethal temperature at which 50% were killed (LT &! ) for M.igiganteus and M. sacchariflorus genotypes was k3n4mC. However, LT&! in one of the M. sinensis hybrid genotypes tested was k6n5mC and this genotype had the highest survival rates in the field in Sweden and Denmark. Although the carbohydrate content of rhizomes, osmotic potential of cell sap and mineral composition were not found to explain differences in frost tolerance adequately, moisture contents correlated with frost hardiness (LT &! ) in most cases. The results obtained form a basis for identifying suitable Miscanthus genotypes for biomass production in the differing climatic regions of Europe.

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Section: Physiological Mechanism Of Protection Against Frost Damagecontrasting

confidence: 87%

Overwintering problems of newly established Miscanthus plantations can be overcome by identifying genotypes with improved rhizome cold tolerance

2000

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“…There are interesting parallels between this phenomenon and observations of the appearance of many very small new tillers after prolonged drought from quiescent buds (Françoise Volaire, personal communication). The effects of acclimation to low temperatures and to drought are also very similar in a number of respects (Thomas and James 1993). Prior exposure of plants of Lolium perenne to either resulted in a lower LT 50 value, decreased osmotic potential and increased content of water-soluble carbohydrate, proline and amino-acids in the plants.…”

Section: Pasture Plant Breedingmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Lolium perenne was less well able to maintain its leaves and replace its tiller population in spring under intensive grazing pressure than Poa trivialis, Holcus lanatus and Agrostis stolonifera. Other factors that may influence species composition either in response to management changes or to local within-sward variables include treading (Davies 1988) and water stress (Thomas 1997). Variations in cold tolerance and drought resistance are considered further in a later section, but are also of importance.…”

Section: Species Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Choosing varieties of Dactylis glomerata (orchardgrass) which naturally become quiescent in summer and accumulate carbohydrate -possibly in response to high temperatures -has proved to be an effective strategy in Corsica (Volaire 1995). A comprehensive review of changes that take place during droughting and the options open to breeders has been produced by Thomas (1997).…”

Section: Pasture Plant Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pasture research in the UK: Present knowledge and future prospects

Davies¹

1998

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Davies, A. 1998. Pasture research in the UK: present knowledge and future prospects. Can. J. Plant Sci. 78: 211-216. Pasture research in the UK has increasingly been aimed at understanding the mechanisms that underlie pasture plant responses to different managements. The need to develop agricultural systems that are both sustainable and economically viable has strengthened interest in reliable animal production from pasture and has emphasised the need to understand how white clover can best be maintained in the grazed sward. Breeders are focusing on meeting the nutritional requirements of the grazing animal and are enjoying increasing success in incorporating new genetic material from plant collections into varieties of grass and clover which are better able to withstand environmental stresses. Economic and environmental considerations have stimulated interest in gaining further insights into the nature of (and the reasons for) the species changes which follow reductions in fertiliser inputs and stocking rates. The possibility of harnessing the preferences of different grazing animals to influence vegetational change is being explored. Soil microbiology and nutrient availability in soils (and their influence on future productive capacity) are also influenced by reduced inputs and are subjects attracting increased interest. This paper discusses current understanding of these topics in the UK and identifies some specific problems that require further study.Key words: Clover, grass, grazing, pasture composition, plant breeding Davies, A. 1998. Recherches pastorales au Royaume-Uni : état actuel des connaissances et perspectives d'avenir. Can. J. Plant Sci. 78: 211-216. Les recherches pastorales au Royaume-Uni s'attachent de plus en plus à améliorer la compréhension des mécanismes sous-jacents du comportement des plantes de pâturage à l'égard des diverses modalités d'exploitation. Le besoin de mettre au point des systèmes culturaux à la fois durables et économiques et économiquement viable a eu pour effet de raffermir l'intérêt pour une production animale fiable au pâturage et d'accentuer entre autre la necessité de comprendre les moyens de garder le trèfle blanc dans le peuplement herbager. Les phytogénétistes s'appliquent à satisfaire les besoins nutritionnels de l'animal à l'herbe et ont enregistré des succès croissants dans l'introduction, dans les nouvelles variétés de graminées et de trèfle, de matériel génétique exogène qui les rend plus à même de résister aux stress environnementaux. Les considérations économiques et écologiques ont eu pour effet de stimuler l'intérêt pour une meilleure connaissance de la nature et des causes des changements de la composition botannique du pâturage, consécutifs aux apports d'engrais chimiques et aux divers taux de chargement animal. On examine les possibilités de mettre à profit les préférences de différentes espèces herbivores pour manipuler l'évolution du couvert prairial. La microbiologie du sol et l'assimilabilité des éléments nutritifs du sol ainsi que leur influence su...

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“…Perennial ryegrass can grow throughout the year, and the major constraint on growth is drought and temperature (Thomas and James, 1993;Wehner and Watschke, 1981). Perennial ryegrass has an optimal growth temperature of about 20°C, and it is sensitive to high (30 to 40°C) and low (−20 to 0°C) temperatures (Harrison et al, 1997;Minner et al, 1983;Wehner and Watschke 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible shift on gene body methylation and transcription of LpCYP72A161 exposed to temperature stress in perennial ryegrass

Dai

Mao

Xiang

et al. 2017

Environmental and Experimental Botany

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Freezing Tolerance and Solute Changes in Contrasting Genotypes of Lolium perenne L. Acclimated to Cold and Drought

Cited by 59 publications

References 21 publications

Overwintering problems of newly established Miscanthus plantations can be overcome by identifying genotypes with improved rhizome cold tolerance

Overwintering problems of newly established Miscanthus plantations can be overcome by identifying genotypes with improved rhizome cold tolerance

Pasture research in the UK: Present knowledge and future prospects

Flexible shift on gene body methylation and transcription of LpCYP72A161 exposed to temperature stress in perennial ryegrass

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