Freezing point depression of aqueous sodium chloride solutions

Potter, R.W.; Clynne, Michael A.; Brown, David

doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.73.2.284

Cited by 490 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Salinities of liquid phase in the inclusions estimated by freezing temperatures (−3 to −0.5 °C) are also as low as 5 wt% NaCl eq. (Potter et al, 1978).…”

Section: Geological Setting and Occurrence Of Quartz Veinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nahcolite in fluid inclusions from the Ryoke metamorphic rocks and its implication for fluid genesis

Hoshino

Nagatomi²,

Watanabe

et al. 2006

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences

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Nahcolite (NaHCO 3 ) has been found in fluid inclusions in quartz veins hosted by the Ryoke metamorphic rocks in Kasado Jima (Island), Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan. The inclusions are classified into three types: type 1 containing vapor +/− liquid of the H 2 O NaCl CO 2 CH 4 system, type 2 of H 2 O NaCl fluids and type 3 with nahcolite solid. Salinities of the nahcolite bearing fluids are lower than 4 wt% NaCl eq. Extremely large volume fractions of nahcolite solids, occupying more than 50% of total inclusion volume, and various fluid compositions are indicative of their origin as accidentally trapped ones while the fluids were immiscible below the nahcolite melting temperature (270 °C). A thermodynamic calculation of the nahcolite stability and a phase analysis of the fluids show loga Na + = 7.4 -pH as the minimum activity at P = 100 MPa and T = 270 °C where the neutral pH = 5.6. Hence, it can be concluded that the original (prior to immiscible state) liquids might have contained high Na + and low Cl − yielded by an interaction of a low salinity fluid and Na bearing minerals such as plagioclase in the host metamorphic rocks below the fractures now occupied by quartz if nahcolite precipitated from boiling fluids.

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“…Salinities of liquid phase in the inclusions estimated by freezing temperatures (−3 to −0.5 °C) are also as low as 5 wt% NaCl eq. (Potter et al, 1978).…”

Section: Geological Setting and Occurrence Of Quartz Veinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nahcolite in fluid inclusions from the Ryoke metamorphic rocks and its implication for fluid genesis

Hoshino

Nagatomi²,

Watanabe

et al. 2006

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences

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“…The comparison between KC1 and NaCl solu tions is performed under the condition of the same molalities for high and low-temperature KCl solutions with those for NaCl solutions based on the following observation. Freezing point depression (0°-freezing point) for KCI solu tion shows almost the same value as that for NaC1 solution when these solutions are of the same molality; the equation for pure NaCI solu tion (equation (1) in Potter et al, 1978) com pared with experimental values for KC1 + NaCI solutions (Hall et al, 1988) shows good agree ment, within ± 10 residual %. The largest discrepancy is found to be 0.309 mole/kg (1.52 wt%) for 3.260 mole/kg (19.55 wt%) pure KCl solution at the eutectic temperature.…”

Section: Effect Of Aqueous Kclmentioning

confidence: 55%

Mixing diagrams for hydrothermal solutions: Applications to interpretation of fluid inclusion data of hydrothermal ore deposits in Japan.

Shibue

1991

Geochem. J.

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Temperature-chloride mixing diagrams at 500 and 1000 bars, and at vapor-saturated pressures, are calculated in order to demonstrate the mixing behavior of saline (up to 40 NaCI wt%) high-temperature solutions with 1 wt% low-temperature solutions, with the results applied to interpreting fluid inclusion data. The temperature of the initial saline solutions is 450°C at 500 bars, 600°C at 1000 bars, or 300°C at vapor-saturated pressures. The temperature of the diluent is 100° or 300°C at 500 and 1000 bars, and 100°C at the vapor-saturated pressure. Mixing diagrams at 500 and 1000 bars are recast onto the rela tion between homogenization temperature and chloride concentration of fluid inclusion using densities of NaCI solutions.Temperature-chloride mixing diagrams indicate that mixing of 40 wt% fluids with dilute solutions at 1000 bars is not linear, but shows a greater decrease in temperature with up to 3 wt% NaCI deviation. The deviations are larger (up to 9 wt%) with respect to homogenization temperature versus concentra tion relations. In contrast, mixing lines for 30 to 10 wt% initial fluids at 1000 bars and those for 40 to 10 wt% fluids at 500 bars are nearly linear with respect to temperature (or homogenization temperature) and NaCI concentration, within ± 3 wt% deviations. At vapor-saturated pressures, 300°C and 25 to 5 wt% initial solutions show nearly linear mixing relationships under the condition that vapor/liquid volume ratios are less than 1.Potassium chloride solutions show almost identical temperature-chloride relations with sodium chloride solutions, up to 325°C, 500 bars, and 6 mole/kg, when the molalities of saline and dilute solu tions are same for both solutes. The relations between homogenization temperature and concentration for KCl solutions show slightly smaller slopes than those for NaCI solutions.Application of these results to fluid inclusion data of the Ohe, Toyoha, and Fujigatani-Kiwada deposits in Japan indicates that high temperature and high salinity fluids (335°C and 6.3 wt% for the Ohe deposit; 325°C and 4.6 wt% for the Toyoha deposit; 360°C and 7.4 wt% for the Fujigatani Kiwada deposits) mixed with low temperature and low salinity solutions (221 °C and 1 .6 wt% for the Ohe deposit; 209°C and 0.0 wt% for the Toyoha deposit; 250°C and 1.9 wt% for the Fujigatani Kiwada deposits).

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“…Clearly, the only linear relationship is that of Na+ to Cl"~. Figure 17 also contains a point representing fluid-inclusion compositions from ERDA-6; Na+ and Cl~ are calculated from the equations given by Potter et al (1978) in Appendix B and the measured freezing temperatures. This point is nearly coincidental with the composition given for the brine reservoir found at ERDA-6.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary report on fluid inclusions from halites in the Castile and lower Salado formations of the Delaware Basin, southeastern New Mexico. [Freezing-point depression]

Stein¹

1985

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Freezing point depression of aqueous sodium chloride solutions

Cited by 490 publications

References 3 publications

Nahcolite in fluid inclusions from the Ryoke metamorphic rocks and its implication for fluid genesis

Nahcolite in fluid inclusions from the Ryoke metamorphic rocks and its implication for fluid genesis

Mixing diagrams for hydrothermal solutions: Applications to interpretation of fluid inclusion data of hydrothermal ore deposits in Japan.

Preliminary report on fluid inclusions from halites in the Castile and lower Salado formations of the Delaware Basin, southeastern New Mexico. [Freezing-point depression]

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