Freezing of gait, gait initiation, and gait automaticity share a similar neural substrate in Parkinson's disease

Moreira-Neto, Acácio; Ugrinowitsch, Carlos; Coelho, Daniel Boari; Lima‐Pardini, Andrea Cristina de; Barbosa, Egberto Reis; Teixeira, Luís Augusto; Amaro, Edson; Horak, Fay B.; Mancini, Martina; Nucci, Mariana Penteado; Silva‐Batista, Carla

doi:10.1016/j.humov.2022.103018

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Regarding the association between APA outcomes and FOG-related measures we found no significant correlations between APAs and the FOG-related outcomes. In contrast, a recent study investigated the association between APA amplitude and FOG severity (FOG ratio) using linear multiple regression and found that these components were indeed negatively associated with each other [ 36 ]. However, in the study by Moreira-Neto et al [ 36 ] participants only performed a GI simulating (leg raising in the lying position) task and did not actually perform GI, which could have led to different findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, a recent study investigated the association between APA amplitude and FOG severity (FOG ratio) using linear multiple regression and found that these components were indeed negatively associated with each other [ 36 ]. However, in the study by Moreira-Neto et al [ 36 ] participants only performed a GI simulating (leg raising in the lying position) task and did not actually perform GI, which could have led to different findings. In a study by Schlenstedt et al it was reported that smaller ML APAs were associated with less subjective FOG [ 14 ], which we could not replicate in this sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this has not yet been investigated in PD. Only one study used fMRI while conducting a GI-simulating task in people with PD and showed that gait initiation did share neural correlates with gait automaticity (dual task cost on stride length), as they found an association with the mesencephalic locomotor region activation [ 36 ]. Those findings further support our speculation that APAs might be less relevant during ST gait and more relevant during DT conditions, as was shown with the presented results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards a better understanding of anticipatory postural adjustments in people with Parkinson’s disease

Seuthe,

Heinzel,

Hulzinga

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Introduction Previous studies have shown that anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) are altered in people with Parkinson’s disease but its meaning for locomotion is less understood. This study aims to investigate the association between APAs and gait initiation, gait and freezing of gait and how a dynamic postural control challenging training may induce changes in these features. Methods Gait initiation was quantified using wearable sensors and subsequent straight walking was assessed via marker-based motion capture. Additionally, turning and FOG-related outcomes were measured with wearable sensors. Assessments were conducted one week before (Pre), one week after (Post) and 4 weeks after (Follow-up) completion of a training intervention (split-belt treadmill training or regular treadmill training), under single task and dual task (DT) conditions. Statistical analysis included a linear mixed model for training effects and correlation analysis between APAs and the other outcomes for Pre and Post-Pre delta. Results 52 participants with Parkinson’s disease (22 freezers) were assessed. We found that APA size in the medio-lateral direction during DT was positively associated with gait speed (p<0.001) and stride length (p<0.001) under DT conditions at Pre. The training effect was largest for first step range of motion and was similar for both training modes. For the associations between changes after the training (pooled sample) medio-lateral APA size showed a significant positive correlation with first step range of motion (p = 0.033) only in the DT condition and for the non-freezers only. Conclusions The findings of this work revealed new insights into how APAs were not associated with first step characteristics and freezing and only baseline APAs during DT were related with DT gait characteristics. Training-induced changes in the size of APAs were related to training benefits in the first step ROM only in non-freezers. Based on the presented results increasing APA size through interventions might not be the ideal target for overall improvement of locomotion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards a better understanding of anticipatory postural adjustments in people with Parkinson’s disease

Seuthe,

Heinzel,

Hulzinga

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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“…We speculate that freezing is no more than an involuntary appearance of the postural VGRF rhythm encroaching into locomotion, be it due to anxiety [228], changes in direction [229] or to disease-related problems [230,231]. Freezing would be linked to the simultaneous and conflicting triggering of postural activity in a walking task, when the rhythm generator for standing is exposed to altered excitability of the basal ganglia circuits or of the networks contributing to attention and executive function [232,233].…”

Section: The Postural Rhythm May Not Be Specific To Young Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ‘Postural Rhythm’ of the Ground Reaction Force during Upright Stance and Its Conversion to Body Sway—The Effect of Vision, Support Surface and Adaptation to Repeated Trials

Sozzi

Ghai

Schieppati³

2023

Brain Sciences

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The ground reaction force (GRF) recorded by a platform when a person stands upright lies at the interface between the neural networks controlling stance and the body sway deduced from centre of pressure (CoP) displacement. It can be decomposed into vertical (VGRF) and horizontal (HGRF) vectors. Few studies have addressed the modulation of the GRFs by the sensory conditions and their relationship with body sway. We reconsidered the features of the GRFs oscillations in healthy young subjects (n = 24) standing for 90 s, with the aim of characterising the possible effects of vision, support surface and adaptation to repeated trials, and the correspondence between HGRF and CoP time-series. We compared the frequency spectra of these variables with eyes open or closed on solid support surface (EOS, ECS) and on foam (EOF, ECF). All stance trials were repeated in a sequence of eight. Conditions were randomised across different days. The oscillations of the VGRF, HGRF and CoP differed between each other, as per the dominant frequency of their spectra (around 4 Hz, 0.8 Hz and <0.4 Hz, respectively) featuring a low-pass filter effect from VGRF to HGRF to CoP. GRF frequencies hardly changed as a function of the experimental conditions, including adaptation. CoP frequencies diminished to <0.2 Hz when vision was available on hard support surface. Amplitudes of both GRFs and CoP oscillations decreased in the order ECF > EOF > ECS ≈ EOS. Adaptation had no effect except in ECF condition. Specific rhythms of the GRFs do not transfer to the CoP frequency, whereas the magnitude of the forces acting on the ground ultimately determines body sway. The discrepancies in the time-series of the HGRF and CoP oscillations confirm that the body’s oscillation mode cannot be dictated by the inverted pendulum model in any experimental conditions. The findings emphasise the robustness of the VGRF “postural rhythm” and its correspondence with the cortical theta rhythm, shed new insight on current principles of balance control and on understanding of upright stance in healthy and elderly people as well as on injury prevention and rehabilitation.

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Dynamic functional connectivity reveals hyper-connected pattern and abnormal variability in freezing of gait of Parkinson's disease

Gan,

Ji,

Sun

et al. 2023

Neurobiology of Disease

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Freezing of gait, gait initiation, and gait automaticity share a similar neural substrate in Parkinson's disease

Cited by 4 publications

References 65 publications

Towards a better understanding of anticipatory postural adjustments in people with Parkinson’s disease

Towards a better understanding of anticipatory postural adjustments in people with Parkinson’s disease

The ‘Postural Rhythm’ of the Ground Reaction Force during Upright Stance and Its Conversion to Body Sway—The Effect of Vision, Support Surface and Adaptation to Repeated Trials

Dynamic functional connectivity reveals hyper-connected pattern and abnormal variability in freezing of gait of Parkinson's disease

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