Freezing‐Melting Process and Desalination: I. Review of the State‐of‐the‐Art

Rahman, Mohammad Shafiur; Ahmed, Mushtaque; Chen, Xiao

doi:10.1080/15422110600671734

Cited by 93 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…For example, freeze desalination systems require six times lower energy to obtain 1 kg of fresh water compared to MSF. Since compression work is a major cost parameter in freezing, renewable resources may be used to make the technology costefficient (Rahman, Ahmed, and Chen 2006;Attia 2010). Recently, researchers are also indicating the possibility of using waste energy application for freeze desalination like Liquefied natural gas (LNG) for energy saving, hence the technology is become promising (Wang and Chung 2012;Chang et al 2016b).…”

Section: Energy Efficiency Insights Of Freeze Desalinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Freeze Desalination as Point of Use Water Treatment Technology: A Case of Chromium (VI) Removal from Water

Melak

Ambelu

Laing

et al. 2017

The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Water Sciences

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Options to develop tanning industries could be hindered even in the presence of huge leather industry raw materials due to the requirements of high-tech contaminant removal technologies, especially in developing countries. This study was initiated to investigate the efficiency of freeze desalination for Cr(VI) removal using refrigerators to generate fresh water. Synthetic solutions that represent major ion compositions of drinking water as well as deionized water to which known concentrations of Cr(VI) spiked into it, were added and frozen in a closed freezer unit. The effects of different parameters such as initial concentration, freeze duration, ice nucleation, fraction of ice volume, and influence of co-occurring ions were evaluated in relation to the quality of produced ice. The physicochemical characteristics of the produced meltwater were also evaluated. A high total water recovery of up to 85% was achieved in the experimental evaluation. Cr(VI) removal efficiency of up to 80% from simulated tap and 93 to 97% for deionized water spiked with Cr(VI) were found in this batch partial freezing. Freeze desalination was found to be relatively viable desalination technology in terms of quality of water produced, options on the use of cost effective refrigerants and technologies which could have a pertinent importance to save energy consumption of freezers.

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Section: Energy Efficiency Insights Of Freeze Desalinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Freeze Desalination as Point of Use Water Treatment Technology: A Case of Chromium (VI) Removal from Water

Melak

Ambelu

Laing

et al. 2017

The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Water Sciences

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“…Although ice crystals themselves are pure, salts adhere to the surface of the crystals, and one of the difficulties experienced is the economic removal, by washing, of the surface salts (Rahman et al, 2006). By having suitable shapes and sizes of crystals, the ratio of the surface area to the volume of ice crystal is minimised, thus facilitating the washing process (Shone, 1987).…”

Section: Challenges In Freeze Desalination Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance comparison of hydraulic and gravitation HybridICE filters in freeze desalination of mine waters

Adeniyi¹,

Mbaya²,

Popoola³

et al. 2015

WSA

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HybridICE is an emerging freeze desalination technology for treating complex mine wastewaters. The technology works on the principle that growing ice crystals reject impurities during freezing. The bottleneck in the freeze desalination processes may be the separation of ice from the ice slurry generated in the freeze engine. Two types of HybridICE filter have been developed to effect ice separation from ice slurry. The two types differ in the design of the filter elements, mode of feeding the slurry into the filter, and the mechanism of separation of ice from the slurry. In both types of filter, an extruded continuous ice column is formed around the filtering element, which has some openings to allow excess concentrated process water to flow out of the filter. However, the driving force in the gravitation filter is buoyancy, while in the hydraulic filter the ice column is driven by the pressure generated from the flow of the slurry. Salt removal and ice yield from each of the filter types was evaluated when a solution of approximately 4% m/m NaCl solution, prepared by dissolving 25.1 kg of NaCl in 674 litres of water, was treated in a HybridICE freeze crystallisation pilot plant. The objective was to describe the operation of the two types of filter and compare their performance. Salt removal and ice yield were found to be higher with the gravitation filter than the hydraulic filter.

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“…Several freeze concentration techniques have been conceived to improve the effectiveness of the concentration process: suspension crystallization, progressive cryoconcentration, eutectic cryoconcentration and partial or complete block cryoconcentration (Aider & de Halleux, 2009;Deshpande et al, 1984;Hernández, Raventós, Auleda, & Ibarz, 2010;Rahman, Ahmed, & Chen, 2006). Nevertheless, in the last five decades, only suspension crystallization has been successfully implemented in the food industry under different solutions: Daubron Process, Gasquet Process, Phillips Process, Struthers FreCon Method, Union Carbide Process or Grenco Process, among others (Deshpande et al, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Grenco Process, also known as traditional Niro Freeze Concentration Technology®, is the patented technology more widely employed at the beverage industry, with more than 60 freeze concentration plants throughout the world (PT, 2010). It is based on the separate nucleation and growth concept, that is, the areas for ice crystal production and ice crystal growth must be separated because the optimal operating conditions for these distinct Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies 13 (2012) [86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99] crystallization phenomena are significantly different (Rahman et al, 2006;Van Nistelrooij, 2005). This technology involves a rather complicated processing system composed of a scraped surface heat exchanger (SSHE) for the generation of ice crystals, a re-crystallization vessel for ice crystal growth and a wash column for separation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressure-shift nucleation: A potential tool for freeze concentration of fluid foods

Otero

Guignon

Martínez

2012

Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies

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Pressure-shift nucleation (PSN) has been evaluated as a potential substitute of the crystallization step at the scraped surface heat exchanger in conventional freeze concentration. To do that, PSN experiments were carried out at different pressure and temperature conditions in orange juices of several concentrations. After crystallization, the final concentration reached and the size and shape of the ice crystals formed were measured. The results obtained showed that the higher the pressure and the lower the temperature employed in the PSN experiments, the higher is the final concentration in the juice and the smaller the ice crystals formed. Four important advantages of pressure-shift nucleation over conventional crystallization were found: temperature in the pressure vessel can be relatively high if pressure is increased enough, the desired concentration can be achieved in the whole sample quasi-instantaneously just after expansion, ice crystals produced are round in shape without pockets and indentations and they are homogeneously distributed throughout the sample. Industrial relevance: Freeze concentration is the most advantageous technique to obtain high quality food concentrates without appreciable loss in taste, aroma, color, or nutritive value. However, it is hardly employed in the food industry mainly due to economic aspects of the technology. In the last decades, many efforts have been made to improve the crystallization phase, the most expensive step in freeze concentration, without definitive success. The results obtained in this paper show that pressure-shift nucleation presents a number of advantages over the traditional crystallization step at the scraped surface heat exchanger which can be exploited to improve the industrial freeze concentration process.

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Freezing‐Melting Process and Desalination: I. Review of the State‐of‐the‐Art

Cited by 93 publications

References 22 publications

Freeze Desalination as Point of Use Water Treatment Technology: A Case of Chromium (VI) Removal from Water

Freeze Desalination as Point of Use Water Treatment Technology: A Case of Chromium (VI) Removal from Water

Performance comparison of hydraulic and gravitation HybridICE filters in freeze desalination of mine waters

Pressure-shift nucleation: A potential tool for freeze concentration of fluid foods

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