Freeze-Dried Targeted Mannosylated Selenium-Loaded Nanoliposomes: Development and Evaluation

Abstract

Abstract. The aim of this investigation was to develop and evaluate freeze-dried mannosylated liposomes for the targeted delivery of selenium. Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, distearoylphosphatidylglycerol, and cholesterol were dissolved in a chloroform and methanol mixture and allowed to form a thin film within a rotatory evaporator. This thin film was hydrated with a sodium selenite (5.8 μM) solution to form multilamellar vesicles and homogenized under high pressure to yield unilamellar nanoliposomes. Seloaded nanoliposomes were mannosylated by 0.1%w/v mannosamine (Man-Lip-Se) prior to being lyophilized. Mannosamine concentration was optimized with cellular uptake studies in M receptor expressing cells. Non-lyophilized and lyophilized Man-Lip-Se were characterized for size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. The influence of liposomal composition on the characteristics of Man-Lip-Se were evaluated using acidic and basic medium for 24 h. Thermal analysis and powder X-ray diffraction were used to determine the interaction of components within the Man-Lip-Se. The size, zeta potential and entrapment efficiency of the optimum Man-Lip-Se were observed to be 158±28.9 nm, 33.21±0.89 mV, and 77.27±2.34%, respectively. An in vitro Se release of 70-75% up to 24 h in PBS pH 6.8 and <8% Se release in acidic media (0.1 N HCl) in 1 h was observed. The Man-Lip-Se were found to withstand gastric-like environments and showed sustained release. Stable freeze-dried Man-Lip-Se were successfully formulated with a size of <200 nm, ∼75% entrapment, and achieved controlled release of Se with stability under acidic media, which may be of importance in the targeted delivery of Se to the immune system.

Design and statistical modeling of mannose-decorated dapsone-containing nanoparticles as a strategy of targeting intestinal M-cells

“…This phenomenon has already been described earlier. 18 Surface charge of the nanoparticles plays an important role in the nonspecific interactions with the surrounding media. Positively charged surfaces enhance interactions with the mucus, and the ammonium groups may strengthen adhesiveness and, thus, increase the residency time by forming electrostatic interactions with the mucus and subsequent binding to M-cells within PP.…”

“…Positively charged surfaces enhance interactions with the mucus, and the ammonium groups may strengthen adhesiveness and, thus, increase the residency time by forming electrostatic interactions with the mucus and subsequent binding to M-cells within PP. 18 Moreover, the presence of basic or acidic functional groups leads to pH-dependent behaviors that are useful for targeting different regions of the GI tract. 10,18 International Journal of Nanomedicine downloaded from https://www.dovepress.com/ by 34.216.127.252 on 12-May-2018 For personal use only.…”

“…18 Moreover, the presence of basic or acidic functional groups leads to pH-dependent behaviors that are useful for targeting different regions of the GI tract. 10,18 International Journal of Nanomedicine downloaded from https://www.dovepress.com/ by 34.216.127.252 on 12-May-2018 For personal use only.…”

“…15,17 Besides its specific conjugation with the C-type lectin receptors, mannose has the additional advantage to act as a mucoadhesive, as it may enhance the residence time of drug substances in the gut. 18,19 In this context, mannosylated nanocarriers obtained by the decoration of particulates with mannose or its derivatives have been considered promising non-live vectors. 4,10,13,20 Moreover, M-cells may be exploited by some pathogenic microorganisms, such as Salmonella, Yersinia, Typhimurium (Salmonella typhimurium), Mycobacterium sp., and retrovirus, as a portal for the host organism.…”

“…27 Several studies have reported on the use of mannose coating of different nanocarriers such as liposomes, 28,29 dendrimers, [30][31][32] nanoemulsions, 33 nanogels, 34 solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), 35 and nanostructured lipid carriers 36 to target specific cells containing mannose receptors, although some studies have reported on the use of this sugar to target the mannose receptors present on M-cell surface to enhance cellular uptake. 13,18 This transport is performed by fluidphase or receptor-mediated endocytosis, wherein the content is transported in vesicles across the cytoplasm and suffers exocytosis in the basolateral membrane. 11 On the other hand, it reaches the underlying lymphoid tissues and the content may be transported to the mesenteric lymph nodes and may reach the systemic circulation through lymphatic vessels.…”