Freedom of Navigation in a Post 9/11 World: Security and Creeping Jurisdiction

Kaye, Stuart

doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199299614.003.0018

Cited by 29 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Provisions for other states like LLSs to exploit "surplus" resources in coastal states' EEZs under UNCLOS Article 69 are complicated, relying on the economic and geographic circumstances of all states involved under Articles 61 and 62. Generally, the provisions of access were aimed to maintain peace among states but also served as a diplomatic ploy for disadvantaged LLSs, particularly those from the Global South, to feel included in ocean management (Wani, 1982;Kaye, 2006).…”

Section: The Consequences Of Being Landlockedmentioning

confidence: 99%

The landlocked ocean: landlocked states in BBNJ negotiations and the impact of fixed land-sea relations in global ocean governance

Sebuliba

2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article examines the multifaceted dimensions of landlockedness within the realm of international discourse, with a particular focus on its implications for managing global commons. Drawing from socio-legal literature and auto-ethnographic experiences during the recent intergovernmental negotiations for the BBNJ agreement under the 1982 Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) as a case study, the paper prompts essential inquiries into the true essence of being landlocked in the face of global environmental challenges. Beyond traditional geographical definitions, the paper reveals the dynamic nature of landlockedness and underscores the intricate interplay of social, economic, cultural, geographical, and political factors in determining who has access to ocean space and resources and who does not. It emphasizes that landlockedness is not a static legal or physical characteristic but an ongoing process shaped by historical and political constructs. Expanding beyond the national level, the article illustrates how individuals, whether coastal or inland, experience isolation from the ocean, influencing their interactions with, perceptions of, and regulatory proposals for the ocean. This approach illuminates existing paradigms in the access, use, and management of space and resources. In conclusion, the article advocates for more inclusive and adaptable approaches in international policy debates. It calls for a departure from rigid classifications, urging for upholding collective action, recognising the intricate connections between geography, politics, law, and the environment.

show abstract

Section: The Consequences Of Being Landlockedmentioning

confidence: 99%

The landlocked ocean: landlocked states in BBNJ negotiations and the impact of fixed land-sea relations in global ocean governance

Sebuliba

2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A nuclear-powered merchant ship navigating inside exclusive economic zones is able to enjoy freedom of navigation, which leaves regulatory power over these ships to the flag states. Although “coastal states have jurisdiction with regard to the protection and preservation of marine environment” in the exclusive economic zones, whether such jurisdiction indicates that coastal states can take regulatory measures against nuclear-powered merchant ships in the exclusive economic zones on the grounds of marine environmental protection remains uncertain and may lead to disputes among states in practice [ 84 ].…”

Section: Shortcomings In the Existing International Regulatory Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Nuclear Energy for Maritime Decarbonization and Related Environmental Challenges: Existing Regulatory Shortcomings and Improvements

Wang

Zhu

2023

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In recent years, the use of nuclear energy as propulsion for merchant ships has been proposed as a means of promoting the transition toward maritime decarbonization and environmentally sustainable shipping. However, there are concerns that nuclear-powered merchant ships could pose risks to the marine environment in the event of accidents, such as collisions, machinery failure or damage, fire, or explosions. The current international regulatory framework for nuclear-powered merchant ships is insufficient to address these risks. This research aims to address this gap by conducting a policy analysis of the existing regulations and a critical examination of their effectiveness in addressing the environmental risks of nuclear-powered merchant ships. Through this analysis, the study identifies the shortcomings and insufficiencies in the current framework and explores potential solutions to improve it, with the goal of enhancing the international community’s ability to mitigate the potential impacts of radioactive marine pollution from nuclear-propelled ships in an era of maritime decarbonization.

show abstract

“…Los documentos oficiales estadounidenses definen la libertad de navegación como el conjunto de "derechos, libertades y usos legales del mar y del espacio aéreo, incluyendo buques y aeronaves militares, reconocidos por el derecho internacional" (U.S. Department of Defense 2015, 2). Esos derechos son usualmente desafiados por los llamados "reclamos excesivos" de los países ribereños (Roach y Smith 2012), asociados con los conceptos de "jurisdicción rampante" y nacionalismo marítimo, que buscarían restringir la operación de Armadas de terceros países en espacios jurisdiccionales (Oxman 2006;Kaye 2006;Dutton 2010;Kraska y Pedrozo 2013). Galdorisi (1998, 76) identifica tres tipos de conflictos generados por "reclamos excesivos" de los ribereños que afectan a la Armada de EEUU: aquellos que limitan la movilidad, los que obstruyen la presencia y los que impiden el alistamiento.…”

Section: La Libertad De Navegación En La Cnudmunclassified

“…Aunque hasta el momento esas prácticas no constituyen costumbre internacional, la tendencia es favorable a los enfoques territorialistas (Kaye 2006). La preocupación de EEUU sobre un posible cambio de paradigma del Derecho del Mar llevó a la temprana creación del Programa de Libertad de Navegación, durante los debates de la actual CNUDM.…”

Section: La Libertad De Navegación En La Cnudmunclassified

La libertad de navegación en entredicho: los nuevos desafíos globales y el caso de América del Sur

Elizondo¹

2020

Urvio

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Estados Unidos creó en 1979 el Programa de Libertad de Navegación, un mecanismo diplomático y militar para objetar lo que considera reclamos de jurisdicciones marítimas excesivas de los Estados ribereños, con el propósito de asegurar una interpretación del Derecho del Mar que garantice la movilidad de su flota. El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar la evolución reciente del Programa y las dinámicas de su aplicación en América del Sur. Para ello, se estudiarán documentos de los Departamentos de Estado y Defensa de EEUU, escasamente explorados en la región, que definen la perspectiva de ese país sobre la libertad de navegación, los supuestos “reclamos excesivos” de los países ribereños, y la evolución de las operaciones militares vinculadas al Programa, en particular en América del Sur. Se concluye que desde 2009 EEUU ha tendido a una aplicación menos neutral del Programa en América del Sur como respuesta a la consolidación del regionalismo sudamericano, un fenómeno que también podemos ver hoy en otros escenarios como el del Mar del Sur de China.

show abstract

Freedom of Navigation in a Post 9/11 World: Security and Creeping Jurisdiction

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

The landlocked ocean: landlocked states in BBNJ negotiations and the impact of fixed land-sea relations in global ocean governance

The landlocked ocean: landlocked states in BBNJ negotiations and the impact of fixed land-sea relations in global ocean governance

Using Nuclear Energy for Maritime Decarbonization and Related Environmental Challenges: Existing Regulatory Shortcomings and Improvements

La libertad de navegación en entredicho: los nuevos desafíos globales y el caso de América del Sur

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About