“…Results showed that the spline approximation used a lower order approximation, which yields a better accuracy. There are numerous studies on the vibrational behavioral of shells with and without fluid using the spline method such as the vibration of layered cylindrical shells (using spline method) [13], the vibration of antisymmetric angle-ply composite annular plates of variable thickness [14], free vibration of angle-ply laminated conical shell with linear and exponential thickness variations [15], free vibration of layered cylindrical shells filled with fluid using Love's first approximation theory [16], free vibration of antisymmetric angle-ply layered circular cylindrical shells filled with a quiescent fluid under first order shear deformation theory [17], free vibration of cross-ply layered circular cylindrical shells filled with a quiescent fluid under first order shear deformation theory [18], free vibration of symmetrically layered angle-ply cylindrical shells filled with fluid under first order shear deformation theory (FSDT) [19].…”