“…The core layer and the face sheets are supposed to be parallel to plane (xy). The displacement field of a TSDT sandwich plate with compressible core is the following [18, 41]:…”
This paper concerns and presents new improved beam and plate finite elements for analysing sandwich structures from the structural and modal points of view. In this study, the material behaviour is supposed to be linear elastic and orthotropic, but the method could be extended for nonlinear problems as well. The current models are able to treat the compressibility of the soft core materials, besides the interlaminar continuity conditions and the zero shear stresses on the shear-free surfaces are granted by the Lagrange multiplier method. In order to provide stress continuity along the element boundaries, the Hermite interpolation is employed for the elementary formulations that yields subparametric finite elements. On the contrary, the semi-analytical solutions of these enhanced beam and plate models are also discussed here for particular boundary conditions. The verification of the new finite elements is carried out by two case studies. The test examples are modelled and solved in commercial finite element software (ANSYS) with general shell and solid elements, too. The results derived from different models are subjected to a comprehensive comparison. Also, the structural and modal analyses of the test examples are presented during the case studies. The structural analysis of an overconstrained sandwich panel is also discussed to point out the significance of the proper shear stress distributions. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the newly developed elements and semi-analytical solutions are revealed in detail.
“…The core layer and the face sheets are supposed to be parallel to plane (xy). The displacement field of a TSDT sandwich plate with compressible core is the following [18, 41]:…”
This paper concerns and presents new improved beam and plate finite elements for analysing sandwich structures from the structural and modal points of view. In this study, the material behaviour is supposed to be linear elastic and orthotropic, but the method could be extended for nonlinear problems as well. The current models are able to treat the compressibility of the soft core materials, besides the interlaminar continuity conditions and the zero shear stresses on the shear-free surfaces are granted by the Lagrange multiplier method. In order to provide stress continuity along the element boundaries, the Hermite interpolation is employed for the elementary formulations that yields subparametric finite elements. On the contrary, the semi-analytical solutions of these enhanced beam and plate models are also discussed here for particular boundary conditions. The verification of the new finite elements is carried out by two case studies. The test examples are modelled and solved in commercial finite element software (ANSYS) with general shell and solid elements, too. The results derived from different models are subjected to a comprehensive comparison. Also, the structural and modal analyses of the test examples are presented during the case studies. The structural analysis of an overconstrained sandwich panel is also discussed to point out the significance of the proper shear stress distributions. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the newly developed elements and semi-analytical solutions are revealed in detail.
“…As for homogeneous structures, extensive research efforts have been put forwarded to consider various fluid conditions. When the vibration of structures was coupled with ideal fluid, the hydrodynamic loading was calculated through the potential flow theory [32][33][34]. In these studies, the inertial effect of the hydrodynamic loading was regarded as the added mass [35] or added virtual mass incremental factors [36].…”
This paper studies the free vibration of size-dependent functionally graded material (FGM) microplates in contact with viscous fluid. The Mori-Tanaka model is applied to formulate the continuous gradual variation of material properties of FGM microplates along thickness direction. A non-classical microplate model is established based on the modified couple stress theory, which considers the size effect by introducing the material length scale parameter. A physical neutral plane is introduced to eliminate the stretching-bending coupling effect. The motion of viscous fluid is defined by Navier-Stokes equations, with which the hydrodynamic loading on microplates is determined with consideration of inertial effect and viscous damping effect. The governing equations for FGM microplates in contact with viscous fluid are derived using the Hamilton's principle and solved by differential quadrature method. Numerical results are obtained to discuss the influences of the aspect ratio, fluid depth, slenderness ratio, fluid viscosity, gradient index, fluid density, and size parameter on the vibration behaviours of microplates in contact with viscous fluid.
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