Free‐Standing Conducting Polymer Films for High‐Performance Energy Devices

Abstract

Thick, uniform, easily processed, highly conductive polymer films are desirable as electrodes for solar cells as well as polymer capacitors. Here, a novel scalable strategy is developed to prepare highly conductive thick poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (HCT-PEDOT:PSS) films with layered structure that display a conductivity of 1400 S cm(-1) and a low sheet resistance of 0.59 ohm sq(-1). Organic solar cells with laminated HCT-PEDOT:PSS exhibit a performance comparable to the reference devices with vacuum-deposited Ag top electrodes. More importantly, the HCT-PEDOT:PSS film delivers a specific capacitance of 120 F g(-1) at a current density of 0.4 A g(-1). All-solid-state flexible symmetric supercapacitors with the HCT-PEDOT:PSS films display a high volumetric energy density of 6.80 mWh cm(-3) at a power density of 100 mW cm(-3) and 3.15 mWh cm(-3) at a very high power density of 16160 mW cm(-3) that outperforms previous reported solid-state supercapacitors based on PEDOT materials.

Conducting‐Polymer‐Based Materials for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage

“…[62] In this case, volume swelling/shrinking during the repeated charging/ discharging process is better accommodated, thereby increasing the cyclic stability of supercapacitors. [63][64][65][66] Yu and co-workers successfully synthesized 3D nanostructured PPy hydrogel through an organic/aqueous biphasic interfacial polymerization method. The PPy hydrogel had a porous nanostructure with interconnected hollow sphere morphology (Figure 5a).…”

“…Recently, Zhou and co-workers prepared a layered PEDOT:PSS film with the conductivity of 1400 S cm −1 through vacuum filtration (Figure 5i,j). [65] A supercapacitor based on the layered PEDOT:PSS film displayed outstanding energy density (3.15 mW h cm −3 ) and power density (16160 mW cm −3 ) characteristics (Figure 5k). In addition, the supercapacitor exhibited good cyclic stability with 80% capacitance retention at high scan rate of 100 mV s −1 over 8000 cycles (Figure 5l).…”

“…i-l) Reproduced with permission. [65] of conducting-polymer-based electrodes. [71,72] Additionally, the incorporation of transition-metal oxides can prevent the structure damage of conducting polymers during the charge/discharge process, and thus improve cyclic stability of supercapacitor.…”

A Smart Flexible Zinc Battery with Cooling Recovery Ability

“…[1,2] Thebattery community has recognized this trend for aw hile and has made numerous attempts to fabricate advanced flexible primary and secondary battery devices. Herein we present anew cooling-recovery concept for flexible batteries,w hichi nvolves at emperature-sensitive sol-gel transition behavior of the thermoreversible polymer hydrogel electrolyte.Once abattery has suffered from strong mechanical stresses,asimple cooling process can refresh the electrodeelectrolyte interface.T he energy-storage capability can be recovered with ah ealing efficiency higher than 98 %.…”

“…[1,2] Thebattery community has recognized this trend for aw hile and has made numerous attempts to fabricate advanced flexible primary and secondary battery devices. [1,2] Thebattery community has recognized this trend for aw hile and has made numerous attempts to fabricate advanced flexible primary and secondary battery devices.…”