Free-space optical communication through atmospheric turbulence channels

Zhu, Xiaoming; Kahn, Joseph M.

doi:10.1109/tcomm.2002.800829

Cited by 1,274 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The GG distribution model is widely accepted for characterising the weak, moderate and strong turbulence conditions because results achieved match closely with experimental results [1,9,21]. The GG probability density function (pdf) is given as [1,2,6]   a mean value of 1, and in the turbulent free limit, this mean value is attained at all times. With a plane wave assumption at the receiver, the parameters  and  are defined as [2]     where  is the optical wavelength [2].…”

Section: Channel Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 62%

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Saturation in cascaded optical amplifier free‐space optical communication systems

Bandele

Desai

Woolfson

et al. 2016

IET Optoelectronics

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The performance of a free-space optical (FSO) communication system in a turbulent atmosphere employing an optical amplifier (OA) cascade to extend reach is investigated. Analysis of both single and cascaded OA FSO communication links is given and the implications of using both adaptive (to channel state) and non-adaptive decision threshold schemes are analysed. The benefits of amplifier saturation, for example in the form of effective scintillation reduction when a non-adaptive decision threshold scheme is utilized at the receiver for different atmospheric turbulence regimes, are presented. Monte Carlo simulation techniques are used to model the probability distributions of the optical signal power, noise and the average bit error rate (BER) due to scintillation for the cascade.The performance of an adaptive decision threshold is superior to a non-adaptive decision threshold for both saturated and fixed gain preamplified receivers and that the ability of a saturated gain OA to suppress scintillation is only meaningful for system performance when a non-adaptive decision threshold is used at the receiver. An OA cascade can be successfully used to extend reach in FSO communication systems and specific system implementations are presented. The optimal cascade scheme with a non-adaptive receiver would use frequent low gain saturated amplification.2

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Section: Channel Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…(6) where the mean signal level at the sampling instant with OA input power . This emerges from the binary symmetric channel assumption and there is a corresponding formula for the threshold which would be almost optimal if the noise was truly Gaussian.…”

Section: Adaptive Decision Thresholdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saturation in cascaded optical amplifier free‐space optical communication systems

Bandele

Desai

Woolfson

et al. 2016

IET Optoelectronics

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“…Following the approach adopted in (Zhu and Kahn, 2002), the error probabilities of the DPSK modulated coherent system in the absence and presence of the turbulence channel is given as Eq. 31a-b:…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent Polarization Shift Keying Modulated Free Space Optical Links Over a Gamma-Gamma Turbulence Channel

Tang

Ghassemlooy

Rajbhandari

et al. 2011

American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences

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(2011) Coherent polarization shift keying modulated free space optical links over a GammaGamma turbulence channel. American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 4 (4). pp. 520-530. ISSN 1941-7020 Northumbria University has developed Northumbria Research Link (NRL) to enable users to access the University's research output. Copyright © and moral rights for items on NRL are retained by the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. Single copies of full items can be reproduced, displayed or performed, and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided the authors, title and full bibliographic details are given, as well as a hyperlink and/or URL to the original metadata page. The content must not be changed in any way. Full items must not be sold commercially in any format or medium without formal permission of the copyright holder. The full policy is available online: http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/policies.html This document may differ from the final, published version of the research and has been made available online in accordance with publisher policies. To read and/or cite from the published version of the research, please visit the publisher's website (a subscription may be required.) .5 and ∼57.9 dB are achieved for weak, moderate and strong turbulence regimes, respectively. Conclusion: We have also shown that the spatial diversity offers increased link margin as the scintillation level rises. Compared to the angular modulation, the proposed M-POLSK scheme offers high immunity to the phase noise, thus reducing the power penalties.

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“…The log-normal distribution is commonly used to model the weak turbulence condition and has been embraced in many calculations for the turbulence channel [28,29]. The distribution of the light intensity fading induced by weak turbulence can be described by log-normal distribution as where 2 is the scintillation index and for a weak turbulence regime is found to be proportional to Rytov variance 2 , which can be calculated as A plane wave model is used for starlight and other exoatmospheric sources while spherical wave model is used for a small-aperture source within or near the turbulent atmosphere.…”

Section: Log-normal Turbulence Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 10 presents the predicted BER performance for a FSO link between Tx and Rx using Eqs. (29) and (32) for weak and strong turbulence conditions, respectively, and the simulated BER performance of TWR-FSO PNC in terms of ⁄ for a range of Rytov variance. In this model, the end-to-end link in TWR-FSO PNC was considered, where the RN performed PNC demapping on the superimposed received signal, which reduces the system complexity but at the cost of performance degradation at the destination nodes due to un-corrected errors at the RN.…”

Section: Btwr-fso Pnc Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on iterative multiuser detection physical layer network coding in two-way relay free-space optical links with turbulences and pointing errors

Abu-Almaalie¹,

Ghassemlooy²,

Bhatnagar³

et al. 2016

Appl. Opt.

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Physical layer network coding (PNC) improves the throughput in wireless networks by enabling two nodes to exchange information using a minimum number of time slots. The PNC technique is proposed for two-way relay channel free space optical (TWR-FSO) communications with the aim of maximizing the utilization of network resources. The multipair TWR-FSO is considered in this paper, where a single antenna on each pair seeks to communicate via a common receiver aperture at the relay. Therefore, chip-interleaving is adopted as a technique to separate the different transmitted signals at the relay node to perform PNC mapping. Accordingly, this scheme relies on the iterative multiuser technique for detection of users at the receiver. The bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed system is examined under the combined influences of atmospheric loss, turbulence-induced channel fading and the pointing errors (PEs). By adopting the joint PNC mapping with interleaving and multiuser detection techniques, the BER results show that the proposed scheme can achieve a significant performance improvement against the degrading effects of turbulences and PEs. It is also demonstrated that a larger number of simultaneous users can be supported with this new scheme in establishing a communication link between multiple pairs of nodes in two time slots, thereby improving the channel capacity.

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Free-space optical communication through atmospheric turbulence channels

Cited by 1,274 publications

References 9 publications

Saturation in cascaded optical amplifier free‐space optical communication systems

Saturation in cascaded optical amplifier free‐space optical communication systems

Coherent Polarization Shift Keying Modulated Free Space Optical Links Over a Gamma-Gamma Turbulence Channel

Investigation on iterative multiuser detection physical layer network coding in two-way relay free-space optical links with turbulences and pointing errors

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