2020
DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921030032
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Free SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein S1 Particles May Play a Role in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19 Infection

Abstract: The imbalance of the renin-angiotensin system is currently considered as a potentially important factor of the pathogenesis of COVID-19 disease. It has been shown previously in the murine model, that the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) on the cell surface is downregulated in response to the infection by SARS-CoV virus or recombinant spike protein (S protein) alone. In the case of natural infection, circulation of the S protein in a soluble form is unlikely. However, in SARS-CoV-2, a large … Show more

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Cited by 46 publications
(51 citation statements)
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“…If this hypothesis is correct, the virus can directly cause acidosis, and this regulation should be added to the scheme on Figure 1 . Letarov and co-authors proposed that the particles released because of spontaneous activation of S1 spikes can bind to the receptor and cause a decrease in the representation of ACE2 on uninfected cells, which can lead to a local imbalance of the renin-angiotensin system and even greater activation of thrombosis [ 78 ].…”
Section: Hypotheses Of Covid-19 Related Acidosismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…If this hypothesis is correct, the virus can directly cause acidosis, and this regulation should be added to the scheme on Figure 1 . Letarov and co-authors proposed that the particles released because of spontaneous activation of S1 spikes can bind to the receptor and cause a decrease in the representation of ACE2 on uninfected cells, which can lead to a local imbalance of the renin-angiotensin system and even greater activation of thrombosis [ 78 ].…”
Section: Hypotheses Of Covid-19 Related Acidosismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…S1 shedding was also reported to play a role in virion infectivity as the introduction of a D614G mutation significantly enhanced infectivity due to an increased S-protein density in the virion 44 . Finally, others have identified potential mechanisms leading to S-antigen shedding in viral infection and proposed a link between the presence of circulating S-antigen and disease severity 45 . Alternatively, IgG auto-antibodies of diverse specificity might cause the formation of the CD16 triggering sICs we herein identified.…”
Section: Circulating Sics Contribute To Covid-19 Disease Severitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…S1 proteins can also cross the blood-brainbarrier [23]. Free S1 particles may also play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease [24,25]. Free spike protein can potentially be released due to spontaneous "firing" of the S protein trimers on the surface of virions, and infected cells liberates free receptor binding domaincontaining S1 particles [24].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%